Understanding Business Structures: Associations, Foundations, and Companies
Associations and Foundations
Associations and Foundations are non-profit legal entities with tax advantages.
- Associations: Founded on the personal element of their members.
- Foundations: Founded on the estate endowed by the founder.
Companies
- Civil: Civil purpose, governed by the Civil Code.
- Business: Commercial purpose, governed by the Commercial Code.
Undertaking/Firm
Individual entrepreneur or corporate entity, which can be civil or commercial.
- Personal:
- Collective
- Partnership
- Stock Companies:
- Limited Liability
17th Century Europe: England, Netherlands, and Spain
England in the 17th Century
At the beginning of the 17th century, the new dynasty that ruled in England, the House of Stuart, tried to impose Absolutism. This led to a confrontation between the Monarchy and the Parliament and to a period of instability. There were two Revolutions (in 1640 and in 1688) and a succession of important events such as the execution of King Charles I (1649), the Protectorate of Cromwell, the restoration of the House of Stuart, and after the revolution of 1688, the arrival
Brand Strategy & Storytelling: Building a Growth Foundation
Brand Strategy Process
a. Establish Core Elements
Develop a deeper understanding of your offerings. Define the attributes and value of each product or service, both externally and internally. This forms the basis for future messaging.
b. Define Brand Pillars
A brand represents something. This ‘something’ must be evident in all communications. Choose two to four key words that capture your core brand attributes.
c. Commit to Your Brand Promise
A brand promise sets audience expectations. Consistency is
Read MoreDigestive System Disorders: Celiac Disease, Lactose Intolerance & More
Digestive System Disorders
Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is a permanent intolerance to gluten, a protein existing in wheat, barley, rye, and oats. It occurs in people genetically predisposed to gluten.
Lactose Intolerance
Lactose intolerance is an intolerance to milk sugar produced by a deficiency causing lactose. Lactose cannot be absorbed and therefore passes intact to the colon, presenting as diarrhea.
Regulation of Stomach Emptying
There are two mechanisms:
- Hormonal: Enterogastrin is released into
Nietzsche’s Philosophy: Death of God, Superman, Will to Power, Eternal Return
Nietzsche’s Philosophy: Key Concepts
The Death of God
This concept symbolizes the end of the sense of significance. With the death of God, humanity no longer seeks a reason behind the stars. This represents the liquidation of all idealism, any thought that superimposes itself on a unique world. The reality of God has caused the death of ideas. The emergence of a being, the last man alive without ideals, is negligible. He is only looking for comfort and creates a happy existence. The death, due to
Read MoreSpain’s Democratic Sexenio, First Republic, and Bourbon Restoration
Six Years of Democracy (1868-1874)
The Revolution and the Provisional Movement
In September 1868, the Battle of Alcolea forced Queen Isabella II and Alfonso into exile. The economic and political crisis of the monarchy in Spain led to the ‘Glorious Revolution’, a military uprising that marked the beginning of a new period known as the Democratic Sexenio. This was triggered by progressives and democrats, joined by unionists. In 1869, the Cortes ratified a new Constitution based on democratic principles,
Read MoreUnderstanding Franchises: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Communication
Understanding Franchises
A franchise is a contract between two parties: a company or professional (the franchisor) and another company (the franchisee). The franchisor grants the franchisee the right to operate their system of product marketing in exchange for payment. This can be summarized in three activities: developing a product, creating a brand, and establishing a method of exploiting the branded product.
Key Contributions and Considerations
The franchisor provides a product or service that is
Read MoreJohn Locke’s Two Treatises of Government: Key Concepts
John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government (1689)
Context and Purpose
- Intended to support the rising during the Exclusion Crisis.
- Associated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
- Presents two pieces of political thought to legitimize revolution.
- Argues that revolution cannot be justified unless the leviathan is unstable.
- Posits that if a government becomes tyrannical, the people have the duty to rebel.
- Tyranny includes violating the ability to pursue happiness or taking away freedom, among other actions.
Optimized Business Strategies and Client Communications
Business Plan for “Work & Travel” Travel Agency
Company Details
- Name: Work & Travel
- Location: Cervantes Street, 4 Alcalá de Henares – Madrid, Spain
- Creation Date: November 10, 2009
- Type of Company: Travel agency specializing in corporate trips
Company Activity
Our objective is to help companies save money on travel while ensuring comfort and providing a guarantee of service.
Workforce
Our company employs between 50-70 employees, depending on the season.
Investment
The minimum investment required
Read MoreComputer Hardware and Software: Components and Types
Hardware and Software
Hardware refers to the tangible objects of a computer system, such as integrated circuits, printed circuit boards, cables, power supplies, memories, and printers. Software refers to the algorithms, represented as programs, which are detailed instructions that tell the computer how to perform tasks.
Hardware
Every computer has four main components: processors, memories, input/output devices, and a bus connecting every component.
Architecture
- Central Processing Unit (CPU): Manipulates