Modernism and Vanguard Movements in Hispanic Literature

Modernism in Hispanic Literature

Modernism: In the late nineteenth century, this movement emerged from a general crisis since people lost confidence in progress, and it was reflected in artistic and cultural development within the field known as modernismo in the Hispanic world.

Modernism: ‘I represent a vital attitude of artists who reacted against bourgeois utilitarianism.’ Born in Hispanic America, this rejection also joined a rejection of imperialism.

Features

  • Two streams:
    • Parnassianism: seeking
Read More

Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Human Resource Management (HRM) is the strategic approach to managing people in an organization to achieve both individual and organizational goals. It involves recruiting, selecting, training, developing, motivating, and retaining employees while ensuring their well-being and growth. HRM views employees as valuable assets whose skills and performance are crucial for organizational success.

Definition: According to Dale Yoder, HRM is “the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the

Read More

Wheat Stem Borer and Red Pumpkin Beetle Pest Management

Wheat Stem Borer (S. inferens)

Systematic Position

  • Class: Insecta
  • Order: Lepidoptera
  • Family: Noctuidae

Habits

The wheat stem borer is a nocturnal insect, living for 10–15 days. Eggs are laid on the inner surface of the host plant’s leaf sheath. Caterpillars bore into the stems of the wheat plant to feed. The caterpillar prefers moist weather to infest new shoots.

Damage

The caterpillars attack and destroy young shoots of the wheat crop, causing uneven growth. The central shoot is damaged completely, resulting

Read More

Human Resource Planning and Development Strategies

Human Resource Planning (HRP)

Human Resource Planning (HRP) is the process of anticipating and making provisions for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization. It helps in aligning human resources with the organization’s goals.

Benefits of HR Planning

  • Optimum Utilization of Human Resources: Prevents overstaffing or understaffing.
  • Better Recruitment and Selection: Supports proactive hiring strategies.
  • Improved Employee Development: Identifies training and development needs.
  • Succession
Read More

Software Testing Concepts: STLC, Bug Life Cycle & Metrics

Input Domain Testing

The input domain of a program is the set of all possible inputs that it can accept. Since testing every single input is impossible, input domain testing is used to partition the input space into manageable subsets, ensuring effective test coverage.

Explanation:

  1. Input domain testing is a black-box testing technique.
  2. Inputs are divided into equivalence classes (valid and invalid).
  3. Testers choose representative values from each class.
  4. Special focus is given to boundary values, since
Read More

Flip-Flop Tables and Shift Register Configurations

Flip-Flop Characteristic Tables

The Characteristic Table summarizes the behavior of a flip-flop by listing the next state (Qn+1) for all possible combinations of the present state (Qn) and the input(s). It is derived directly from the operating rules of the flip-flop.

SR Flip-Flop Characteristics

Present State (Qn)Inputs (S, R)Next State (Qn+1)Operation
00, 00Hold
00, 10Reset
01, 01Set
01, 1X (Undefined)Forbidden
10, 01Hold
10, 10Reset
11, 01Set
11, 1X (Undefined)Forbidden

D Flip-Flop Characteristics

Present
Read More

Money Market Instruments: Characteristics and Function

The term “Money Market” is somewhat of a misnomer. Currency itself is not traded; rather, the securities in the money markets are short-term with high liquidity, making them close substitutes for money.

Money Markets Defined

Key characteristics of money market securities include:

  • Usually sold in large denominations (e.g., $1,000,000 or more).
  • Low default risk.
  • Mature in one year or less from their issue date, though most mature in less than 120 days.

Money Markets Versus Banks

The banking industry

Read More

Different conceptions of education a child

Communalism refers to a situation where people develop strong loyalty towards their own religious group and begin to see other religious groups as enemies or threats. It creates division in society based on religion and encourages an “us vs. Them” mindset. Communalism arises when religious identity becomes more important than national identity, and when political leaders, organisations or groups use religion to gain power, votes or influence. Historically, factors like colonial policies of “divide

Read More

Fixed Income Markets: Analysis and Valuation

Global Fixed Income Market Classifications

Fixed income markets are categorized to help investors navigate different risk and return profiles. Common classifications include:

  • Type of issuer: Government, corporate, or municipal.
  • Credit quality: Investment grade vs. high-yield.
  • Maturity: Short-term, intermediate, or long-term.
  • Currency: Local vs. foreign currency.
  • Type of coupon: Fixed-rate, floating-rate, or zero-coupon.
  • Geography: Developed vs. emerging markets.
  • Tax status: Taxable vs. tax-exempt bonds.
Read More

Postcolonial Identity and Resistance in Global Literature

Caste and Forbidden Love in The God of Small Things

Arundhati Roy’s novel, The God of Small Things, takes place in post-independence India, mainly in the state of Kerala. It illustrates how ancient social systems like caste continued to shape people’s lives long after 1947. While independence promised equality, caste discrimination did not disappear. Velutha is a Dalit (from the Paravan caste)—formerly called “Untouchable”—and therefore remains socially excluded and constantly at risk.

His

Read More