Nervous System, Sensory Receptors, and Human Senses

Coordination Systems

Coordination involves the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Neurons: Structure and Function

The nervous system uses independent cells called neurons. Key parts include:

  • Soma: The cell body.
  • Axon: A projection often surrounded by a myelin sheath.
  • Dendrites: Numerous extensions from the soma.

Sensory Receptors and Stimuli Transformation

Sensory receptors detect stimuli and transform them into electrical signals (nerve impulses).

Receptor Classification

  • Mechanoreceptors: Stimulated
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19th Century European Colonial Expansion

European Dominance in the Late 19th Century

In the last third of the nineteenth century, the Second Industrial Revolution transformed the economies of the major European powers. Technical innovations, new forms of work organization, and the growth of banking allowed an increase in production and trade, alongside improved transport.

Due to their financial, technical, and military superiority, European powers expanded their influence across the globe.

Causes of Colonialism

  • Economic Factors: European nations
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Body Coordination, Senses, and Blood Circulation

Coordination Centers: Nervous & Endocrine Systems

Processing Information: The coordination centers receive information sent by the receptors, process it, generate orders, and send them to the effector organs. The coordination centers are the nervous system, which is responsible for nervous coordination, and the endocrine system, which is responsible for endocrine coordination.

Nervous System

The nervous system is responsible for analyzing the internal and external stimuli perceived by the receptors,

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Understanding Gravitational Fields and Potential Energy

Gravitational Field Strength

The purpose of a gravitational field manifests at a point where a test mass is placed. The gravitational field strength (or field intensity vector) at a point is equal to the force exerted on a unit mass placed at that point. The vector equation is:

g = -G (M / r³) r

Where G is the gravitational constant, M is the source mass, r is the distance from the source mass, and r is the position vector.

The field strength at a point is characterized by:

  • Magnitude: g = GM / r²
  • Direction:
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Core Human Rights Concepts and Contemporary Ethical Debates

Key Characteristics of Human Rights

Natural Rights

Human rights, framed as natural rights, transcend the boundaries of specific laws, customs, or cultural beliefs. Unlike legal rights, they are not contingent on the recognition of any particular authority. Instead, they are often rooted in scriptural, religious teachings, philosophical principles, or what is commonly referred to as “common sense.” This implies that human beings possess inherent rights by virtue of their humanity.

Inviolable

The term

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Lorca, Alberti, Valle-Inclán: Pillars of Spanish Theater & Poetry

Federico García Lorca: Renowned Spanish Playwright

Federico García Lorca is one of Spain’s most famous playwrights. His theatrical production began with The Butterfly’s Evil Spell. Lorca believed theater should serve to raise social awareness and also believed in the poet’s power to transform reality through words. His poetic language, influenced by Valle-Inclán, is central to his work. His plays blend poetry and symbolism, integrating text, set design, music, and dance to create a total Lorcan

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Spain’s Turmoil: Pavia’s Coup to the 1868 Revolution

Pavía’s Coup and Serrano’s Republic (1874)

The third phase of the First Spanish Republic began with a coup led by General Pavía, who invaded the Cortes (courts) to establish a civil government under military guard.

Serrano Assumes Power

General Serrano assumed power, dissolving the Cortes. He was supported by the army and the Alfonsino party, which advocated for a presidential republic. Power became concentrated in the figure of the President.

Authoritarian Rule and Propaganda

Monarchist propaganda

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Practical English Sentences and Grammar Structures

Example English Sentences

  • It is said that New York is one of the safest cities in the world.
  • Shall I make the tea for you?
  • I can’t stand getting up in the dark.
  • If I had known you were coming, I would have met you at the station.
  • Last month was drier than this month.
  • I took a cookery course so that I was able to make (or could make, or would be able to make) special dishes.
  • Although he is very old, he is very active.
  • The weather wasn’t good enough for us to go sailing.
  • Her parents said that they would take
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Spanish Poetry: Social Voice & Experience in the 50s-60s

Spanish Poetry of the Fifties

This period begins around 1955 with two significant books: Pido la paz y la palabra by Blas de Otero and Cantos Íberos by Gabriel Celaya.

Poetry was considered a form of communication addressed to the vast majority, aiming to be a tool for transforming the world.

Characteristics of Fifties Poetry

  • It prioritizes the message over the form.
  • The language is colloquial, sometimes prosaic.
  • Predominant themes include Spain, the denunciation of injustices, work, and freedom.
  • The
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Key Concepts in Workplace Dynamics and Leadership

Power Currencies (RICE Model)

The RICE model describes different ways people gain influence in conflicts or workplace situations.

  • Resource Control: Power derived from possessing valuable resources like money, job positions, or materials. Example: A manager controls promotions or raises, influencing employee behavior.
  • Interpersonal Linkages: Power gained through connections with influential people. Example: An employee befriended by the CEO might secure visibility for their team’s projects.
  • Communication
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