Essential Academic Vocabulary and Communication Skills
University and Academic Vocabulary
Unit 1: Academic Life Terminology
1. Key Vocabulary Terms
- Yearn
- Ansiar, anhelar (often used with yearn for + noun).
- Wisdom
- Sabiduría (wise = sabio, adjective).
- Nothing worth knowing
- Nada que valga la pena conocer.
- Jingle
- Tintinear o melodía de un spot publicitario.
- To set aside
- Dedicar un tiempo o espacio a algo, apartarlo, colocarlo, etc.
- To enhance
- Mejorar.
- Mull it over
- Darle vueltas (to consider carefully).
- Hand in
- Entregar (to submit).
Academic Degrees and Levels
- First Degree
Plant Tissue Culture Technology: Methods and Applications
Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture (PTC)
Plant tissue culture (PTC), developed around the 1950s, was a significant addition to plant breeding methods. Conventional breeding techniques often struggled to meet the required demand for crops, making tissue culture a major advancement in breeding practices.
PTC is defined as the in vitro aseptic culture of cells, tissues, or whole plants under controlled nutritional and environmental conditions, primarily used to produce clones of plants.
The Principle
Read MoreNature, Culture, and the Foundations of Human Behavior
The Nature vs. Nurture Debate
Defining Nature and Innate Traits
Nature refers to what is not learned; it is what an individual possesses from birth and inherits genetically. Examples include:
- Walking upright.
- Having a specific number of fingers.
- Linguistic ability (the capacity for language).
Culture: Learned Habits and Social Norms
Culture refers to what is learned and acquired through habit and social norms. This includes utensils and tools, knowledge and beliefs, and forms of expression (art, science,
Read MoreOptimizing Task Grouping in Bottom-Up Organizational Design
Defining Single Tasks: Grouping Operations (LCU)
In the context of bottom-up design (organizational design from the ground up), the phase of grouping elementary operations into human tasks (LCU – “man-task”) is critical. The selection of operations to be combined into an individual task must follow technical, organizational, and human-centered criteria. Operations are generally grouped when they meet the following conditions:
Form a Complete Functional or Logical Unit
Operations that together produce
Bridging Cultural Gaps: American and Sharahadan Business Negotiations
Cultural Differences in Global Business Communication
Today’s business world is highly globalized, and the ability to manage cultural differences is the skill that distinguishes a successful international company from a struggling one. In the observed case of American and Sharahadan businessmen, there are two extremely different approaches to communication. Consequently, productive business relationships between these two companies are challenging but possible.
Analyzing Differences Using Trompenaars’
Read MoreMastering Sentence Structure and Textual Cohesion
Sentence Structure and Syntax
Juxtaposition
Sentences or clauses placed side-by-side, separated by punctuation (e.g., comma, semicolon, colon), without explicit coordinating or subordinating conjunctions.
Coordinating Conjunctions
These link elements of equal grammatical rank.
- Copulative (Addition): and, nor, or that.
- Disjunctive (Choice): or, u.
- Adversative (Contrast): more, but, yet, however, nevertheless.
- Explanatory: that is, namely, i.e.
- Distributive: and … and, well … well, now … now.
Subordinating
Read MoreShaping Teenage Identity: Class Division in S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders
Shaping Teenage Identity: Class Division in The Outsiders
S.E. Hinton’s 1967 novel, The Outsiders, presents a compelling examination of how teenage identity is shaped and tied to class division. Through the construction of character, setting, and language, the novel positions readers to understand that adolescent identity is heavily influenced by social and economic factors. This analysis will examine:
- How characterization of characters reveals internal conflict and social expectation.
- How the setting
Human Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems: Structure and Function
The Internal Environment
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients to and from the cells in the body. It is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Interstitial Fluid Renewal
Interstitial fluid is a liquid that surrounds the body’s cells. It must be renewed constantly (by the flow of blood, which adds nutrients and collects waste products) because:
- Cells consume nutrients from the interstitial fluid, and if it is not renewed, the nutrients would run out.
- Cells also release
Human Reproductive Biology: Glands, Hormones, and Fertilization
Glands: Classification and Function
Glands are organs composed of specialized cells that manufacture and secrete substances. Glands can be classified into two main types:
Endocrine Glands
Such as the pituitary or thyroid, these glands produce substances called hormones that are released directly into the blood.
Exocrine Glands
Such as the salivary glands and liver, these glands discharge their secretions outside the body or into the digestive tract and are therefore not part of the endocrine system.
Hormones:
Read MoreStructural Analysis of Major Catalan Poetic Works
Jacint Verdaguer (JV): Canigó and Other Works
The epic poem Canigó was published as an epilogue, comprising ten songs. Key locations mentioned include the Abbeys of Sant Miquel del Fai and Sant Martí del Canigó, Marcevol, and Serrabona. The work explains the birth of the Catalan nation, featuring two symbolic bells: one speaking of hope and the other of misfortune.
- Recognition: Verdaguer won the *Mestre en Gai Saber* (Master of Gay Science) title at the Jocs Florals (Floral Games) in 1902.
- Structure: