Industrial Revolution to Early 20th Century: A Transformation
The Second Industrial Revolution
The New Momentum of Industrialization
Industry entered a new phase called the **Second Industrial Revolution**. The most notable changes were as follows:
- New Energy Sources: Electricity and oil were introduced.
- New Industrial Powers: The United States, Germany, and Japan emerged as major industrial powers.
- Shifting Industries: The textile industry ceded ground to the steel industry, and new industries such as chemical and electrical manufacturing rose.
- New Means of Transport:
Strategic Management: Competitive Advantage and Business Planning
Competitive Advantage
Competitive advantage is the ability of a firm to win consistently over the long term in a competitive situation.
- It is created by having and managing resources to provide goods and services that meet the following criteria:
- They provide superior value.
- They are rare— competitors do not provide similar products and services in quality and quantity.
- They are difficult to imitate.
- They are non-substitutable.
Superior Value
Firms provide products and services that deliver value superior
Read MoreService Sector: Characteristics, Nature, and Strategic Operations
Conceptual Approach
Among the many changes implemented throughout the history of societies, one stands out: the economy. We are especially impressed by how people’s lifestyles change, creating new needs and, therefore, new forms of markets that meet the demands coming from these evolutionary changes.
The growth of the service sector is most evident in finance, insurance, real estate, miscellaneous services, and retail trade. This sector is especially important to the economy due to its natural resistance
Read MoreUnderstanding the Dynamics of Culture in Society
1. Universal Character of Culture
If we say that culture has a universal character, what does that mean? All human populations have culture because it is a widespread or universal conquest of mankind. The emergence and cultural evolution result from the genesis or partnership of the humanization process. In this sense, culture is seen as a second human nature because the survival of the species has depended on the existence of culture. The human is a constitutive and cultural concept. Culture is
Read MoreSocrates and Plato: Philosophy, Ethics, and the Soul
Socrates: Method and Intellectual Morality
Socrates, the Athenian, born in 470 BC, was a great critic of the Sophists. He was concerned about the moral vacuum into which the polis of Athens fell because of infighting. A critic of the superficial rhetoric of the Sophists, he advocated for direct dialogue as a philosophical method. His teacher was Archelaus. He left no writings of his own. What we know of him comes from his disciples and contemporaries. He was accused of impiety, of introducing new
Read MoreSally Ride: First American Woman in Space
A Biography
Space Pioneer Sally Ride
Dr. Sally Ride was the first US female astronaut to fly into space. She was also a physicist who worked to pass on her love of science to university students and schoolchildren.
Ride was born in California in 1951. As a young girl, she was fascinated by science, an interest that was always encouraged by her parents. She answered an ad by NASA and the following year enrolled in its astronaut training program. Five years later, she became the first American woman
Read MoreThe Spanish-American War: Causes and Consequences
The War Overseas: Cuba, the Pearl of the Antilles
After the Peace of Zanjón (1878), the natives of Cuba hoped the Spanish government would grant a series of reforms that would give them the same rights of political representation in the Spanish courts as the peninsula, participation in the government of the island, free trade, and the abolition of slavery, which was still practiced with the blacks who worked in the sugar mills or factories. None of these requests had been considered by the colonial
Read MoreReligious Education in Schools: Foundations and Objectives
Foundations and Nature of Religious Education
*Pedagogical Reasons for the Nature and Role of the School*
– Transmit culture systematically and critically. The school provides the specific service of “culturizing” systematically through an ongoing, ordered process, carried out with scientific rigor. It also fosters critical awakening so that the process of student socialization is consistent, responsible, and free. A true cultural formation is transmitted systematically and critically:
- To help students
Key Marketing Concepts and Strategies for Businesses
1. The Importance of Shape, Color, and Design
The physical aspect of a product is crucial. It has two main objectives:
- Individualization: Satisfying the diverse desires of consumers.
- Rationalization: Streamlining manufacturing, use, and sales.
Color is closely associated with form and serves to attract consumers’ attention. Design is an intrinsic characteristic that enhances usability and aesthetics. Examples: Apple products are known for their sleek design and vibrant colors, while IKEA focuses on
Read MoreLabor Unions and Collective Bargaining Agreements in Mexico
Labor Unions and Collective Bargaining in Mexico
Understanding Unions
A union is an association of workers or employers formed to study, improve, and defend their respective interests. No one can be forced to join a union. Unions must have a minimum of 20 active workers or 3 employers. Individuals under 16 and foreign nationals may not be part of the union leadership. Public meetings must be held at least every 6 months.
The General Secretary is the representative of the union. Unions may form federations
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