LLM Cheatsheet: Essential Concepts and Architectures
LLM Cheatsheet: Essential Concepts
Everything you need to recall about Large Language Models (LLMs) — summarized on one page.
What is a Large Language Model (LLM)?
A Large Language Model (LLM) is a deep learning model trained on vast amounts of text data to understand, generate, and manipulate human language.
- Examples: GPT-4, Claude, LLaMA, Gemini, Mistral, Falcon
- Core Technology: The Transformer Architecture
LLM Core Components
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Tokenizer | Converts text into tokens (subwords, words) |
Social Entrepreneurship: Collaboration and Institutional Impact
Social Entrepreneurship: The Power of Collective Action (Davie, 2011)
Grace Davie’s article, Social Entrepreneurship: A Call for Collective Action (2011), argues that solving social problems should not be left to individual social entrepreneurs alone. Instead, she believes that teamwork and collaboration are essential to making real and lasting change.
Challenging the “Hero” Social Entrepreneur Idea
Many people see social entrepreneurs as heroic individuals who change the world through their
Read MoreData Structures and Algorithms: Definitions and Analysis
Data Structures: Definition and Categories
A data structure is a specialized way of organizing, storing, and managing data in a computer to enable efficient access, manipulation, and operations. It defines how data is stored and the relationships between data elements.
Data structures are categorized into two main types:
- Primitive Data Structures: These are basic building blocks like integers, floats, characters, and booleans, which handle simple data types directly supported by the programming language.
Civil Procedure Code: Return and Rejection of Plaint
Return of Plaint (Order 7 Rule 10 CPC)
Introduction
It is a general principle of law that courts cannot entertain a suit unless they have jurisdiction to do so. When a suit is instituted in a court that determines it lacks jurisdiction to entertain the matter, the plaint must be returned to the plaintiff under Order 7 Rule 10 CPC for presentation to the proper court.
Meaning of Plaint
Plaint is not defined by the Code, so it must be taken in an ordinary sense:
Read More“It is a written memorial tendered to
The Spanish Civil War: Origins, Factions, and Global Intervention
The 1936 Coup d’État and the Start of the Civil War
The military uprising began on July 17th in Melilla, extending across the Iberian Peninsula on the 18th and 19th. The government, led by Prime Minister Casares Quiroga, reacted slowly and resigned. Diego Martínez Barrio was briefly appointed but resigned due to lack of support. Finally, on July 19th, José Giral formed a new government and made the crucial decision to deliver weapons to civilians. Citizens immediately engaged in the defense of
Read MoreWalker & Cohen: Scope Statements for Theory Development & Research
Walker & Cohen: Defining Scope Statements
According to Walker and Cohen, the scope of studies is determined by the definition of the subject. It aims at taking the objectives as the thumb rule. We need to focus in this direction from a research point of view (philosophy, subject, institution, policies).
Project Initiation and Stakeholder Agreement
This is the end of the initiation process for the project as a whole. Your project should now be defined. That is, you should have reached agreement
Read MoreMolecular Genetics: Key Concepts and Mutation Effects
Molecular Genetics Fundamentals
Cellular Transformation and Key Enzymes
Transformation studies demonstrate the ability to transition from non-disease-causing to disease-causing states, often involving the uptake of genetic material.
Enzyme Definitions
- Enzyme that degrades DNA: DNase
- Enzyme that degrades protein: Protease
- Enzyme that degrades RNA: RNase
Cell Types and Ploidy
- Somatic Cells: Non-reproductive cells (diploid).
- Gametes: Reproductive cells (haploid), containing half the amount of DNA as somatic
Federal Reserve System and Monetary Policy Quiz Questions
Chapter 4: Federal Reserve and Monetary Policy Questions
US Financial Institutions and Central Bank Functions
1. Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae Functions
The Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae):
- issue mortgages directly to consumers.
- provide assistance on down payments to help consumers get into the housing market.
- issue mortgage-backed securities to fund the mortgages that they purchase from financial institutions.
- purchase homes directly
JDBC Architecture and Components Explained
JDBC is an API that helps applications communicate with databases. It allows Java programs to connect to a database, run queries, retrieve, and manipulate data. Because of JDBC, Java applications can easily work with different relational databases like MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, and more.
JDBC Architecture
Components of JDBC Architecture
Explanation of Components
- Application: This can be a Java application or servlet that communicates with a data source.
- The JDBC API: It allows Java programs to execute
Core Physical Attributes for Peak Athletic Performance
Key Physical Attributes for Athletes
- Basic Physical Attributes:
- Stamina
- Strength
- Speed
- Flexibility
- Specific Physical Attributes:
- Coordination
- Balance
- Relaxation
Understanding Athletic Stamina
Stamina is the attribute that allows us to sustain physical exercise for a prolonged time.
Anaerobic Alactic Stamina
- It is the first energy pathway used to get energy.
- It involves activities from zero to 10 seconds, no longer.
- Intensity is between 90-100% of maximum.
- Oxygen is not present.
- Lactic acid is not produced.
- Examples: