Exploring Hume’s Philosophy: Key Questions and Concepts
Exploring David Hume’s Philosophy
Life and Context
1. Where was Hume born and where did he die? Edinburgh
2. Between what years did he live? 1711-1776
3. What philosophical current influenced him? British Empiricism
Knowledge and Perception
4. What two kinds of knowledge did Hume distinguish? Knowledge of relationships between ideas and factual knowledge.
5. What term refers to perceptions with sharp, well-defined contours? Impressions
6. What are the three principles of natural association of perceptions?
Read MoreWorkers’ Rights, Unions, and Social Security in Spain
The organic law of freedom of association grants the following rights to workers:
- Form unions and to suspend or terminate them democratically
- Engage in union activity
- Join the union of their choice, provided they meet the union’s statute
- Not to join if they so desire
- Separate from the union to which they are affiliated
- Choose freely their representatives within the union to which they are affiliated
The levels of union representation are three:
- Most representative trade unions at the state level: state-
St. Thomas Aquinas: Faith, Reason, Metaphysics, and Ethics
St. Thomas Aquinas
1. Relationship Between Faith and Reason
The Thomistic approach rejects the theory of double truth, upholding the unity of truth. Aquinas recasts this relationship from the Augustinian tradition, with three key aspects:
- Clear Distinction: Faith and reason are autonomous powers, each with its own field of knowledge and methods.
- Joint Ventures: Some truths are accessible through both faith and reason (preambles of faith or rational theology), while others are revealed through faith
Understanding Legal Evasion and International Law Concepts
Item 2. Notion of Evasion of Law
Fraud law addresses situations where a person maliciously, but through lawful means, seeks to be governed by a particular law to obtain a favorable outcome. This is facilitated when the linking factor depends on the individual’s will.
Legal Nature of Fraud to Law:
No Notion of Fraud to Law: Some argue that fraud cannot apply to law because when a person is placed under a more favorable law, they have performed lawful acts. Determining intent is difficult.
Fraud in Law
Read MoreFranco’s Spain: Transformation and Crisis (1959-1975)
Franco’s Dictatorship: Social, Political, and Economic Aspects
The Franco dictatorship was characterized by economic development, social modernization, and political immobility.
Economic Development
In 1959, the entry of technocrats into the government changed the economic model through two plans:
- The 1959 Stabilization Plan: Objectives included cutting public spending and liberalizing imports and foreign investment.
- Development Plans: Three plans between 1964 and 1975 sought to improve corporate structure
Harnessing Water and Solar Power: Technologies and Applications
Water Power
Hydropower is generated using water as it moves through a channel (kinetic energy) or when it is impounded at a certain height (potential energy). When water is dropped, the potential energy turns into kinetic energy (speed), which can be exploited for various purposes. It is a renewable energy (not alternative).
There are two main applications of water power:
- From approximately 100 BC until nearly the end of the nineteenth century, all hydropower was transformed into mechanical energy
Constitutional Rights and Legal Guarantees in Chile
Article 19. The Constitution guarantees all persons:
The right to life and physical and mental integrity. The law protects the life of the unborn. The death penalty can only be established by law for offenses under a qualified quorum. It prohibits the use of all illegal pressure.
Equality before the law. In Chile, there are no privileged persons or groups. Slavery is abolished, and anyone who steps on Chilean territory is free. Men and women are equal before the law. Neither the law nor any authority
Punctuation Mastery: Rules and Usage
Comma
The comma indicates a short pause. Use it in the following cases:
- To separate elements (words, phrases, etc.) of an enumeration, excluding the conjunctions and, or, or not.
- Before and after a parenthetical phrase.
- Before, after, or before and after a vocative.
- To indicate the elision of a verb (optional if it causes a syncopated phrase).
- When an item that doubles has been previously mentioned as a pronoun.
- When changing the location of a subordinate phrase or clause, including phrases like therefore,
Exploring Plato’s Virtue and Aquinas’ Philosophy: Key Concepts
Plato’s Virtue
Moral behavior ensures excellent justice through temperance, fortitude, courage, and wisdom. It is impossible without harmony, a sign of purification and liberation of Plato’s soul. We find a restatement of Socrates’ moral intellectualism.
Aquinas’ Philosophical Concepts
A Priori
Knowledge existing before experience or independent of it, logically speaking. It doesn’t require experience to validate its truth. This includes knowledge from pure understanding and reason, characterized by
Read MoreSpanish Criminal Law: Murder and Robbery Explained
Murder (Asesinato) – Article 139
Murder is defined as the killing of another person under specific aggravating circumstances. It is punishable by 15 to 20 years imprisonment. The aggravating circumstances are:
- Premeditation (Alevosía): Using means or methods to ensure the killing without risk to the perpetrator.
- Price, reward, or promise (Precio, recompensa o promesa): The killing is motivated by an economic incentive.
- Cruelty (Ensañamiento): Deliberately and inhumanely increasing the victim’s suffering.