Math Formulas: Percentages, Interest, Algebra, Geometry & Statistics
Percentages
% of whole amount: part of whole / whole amount
% increase or decrease: (New / original x 100) – 100
Find % of amount: A x % / 100
% profit/loss amount: profit or loss / cost price x 100
GST Example
(GST = Amount / 11)
The total amount already includes the GST. The GST is 10% of the total excluding GST.
If we divide the total excluding GST into 10 equal amounts then:
- one of these amounts is equal to the GST and
- 11 of these amounts gives us the total including GST
Amount / 11
Simple and Compound
Read MoreVisual Communication: Models, Color Psychology, and Semiotics
Communication Models
Aristotle: Speaker → Message → Listener
Lasswell: Communication + Message + Medium + Audience = Impact
Shannon & Weaver: Information Source → Transmitter → Channel (Noise) → Receiver → Destination
Schramm’s: Encoder/Interpreter/Decoder → Message → D/I/E → Message…
Berlo’s: Source → (E) Message → Channel → (D) Receiver
Proposed: Sender; /\ Life Experience; Message; Noise; X Life Experience; Receiver, Amplified, Accepted; Rejected
Theoretical Foundation:
Read MoreCloud Computing: Storage, Architecture, and Migration
Data Storage Comparison
| DAS | NAS | SAN |
|---|---|---|
| Storage directly connected to a single server | Centralized storage accessible over a network | High-performance, block-level storage network |
| Directly attached via SATA, SAS, USB, or Thunderbolt | Connected via Ethernet (TCP/IP) | Connected via Fibre Channel (FC) or iSCSI |
| Uses file system of the host (NTFS, HFS+, ext4, etc.) | Uses file-based protocols (NFS, SMB, CIFS) | Uses block-level protocols (iSCSI, Fibre Channel) |
| Limited by server expansion slots | Easily expandable by adding more |
Understanding Narcotics Control, Drug Import, and Manufacturing Regulations in India
Alcohol: Alcohol is ethyl alcohol of any concentration and purity having the chemical composition C2H5OH.
Excise Officer: It is an officer of the excise department of any state and includes any person empowered by the collecting government to exercise any of the powers of an excise officer under this act.
Medicinal Preparation: Including all drugs which are prescription prepared for external and internal use of human beings or animals in treatment, reduction, and prevention of disease.
Narcotic
Read MorePSOE Leadership Dispute & Granada Urbanism Case
PSOE Leadership Dispute in Andalusia
The eight provincial secretaries general of the PSOE in Andalusia have recognized the chairman of the Board, Jose Antonio Griñan. The provincial leaders have left the decision to advance or not the congress of the PSOE in Andalusia to the general secretary, Manuel Chavez, and Griñan.
The President and Secretary General will decide when and where appropriate, always serving the party’s internal reinforcement and external image. Griñan wants Chavez to resign before
Read MoreThe Spanish War of Independence: Key Events and Impacts
The Spanish War of Independence (1808-1814)
Guerra Independencia (May 2, 1808): Charles IV left the government in the hands of Godoy. Godoy’s relationship with France changed after the execution of King Louis XVI, leading to Spain’s incorporation into the first anti-French coalition in 1795. Godoy shifted foreign policy, resulting in a series of events that can be considered the background to the war:
- Spain and France vs. Britain, leading to the Treaty of San Ildefonso (1796-1800)
- Destruction of the
Pre-Socratic Philosophers: Key Thinkers and Core Concepts
Pre-Socratic Philosophers: Myths and the Dawn of Reason
The Pre-Socratic philosophers sought rational explanations (logos) for the natural world, moving away from mythical accounts. Philosophy emerged as a reflection on the fundamental principle of nature.
The Milesians
Thales
Thales posited that the fundamental principle (arkhe) of everything is water, from which all things arise and to which they return.
Anaximander
Anaximander believed that the arkhe is the apeiron, an indefinite and boundless substance
Read MoreBusiness Transfer, Leasing, and Entrepreneur Liability
Sales (Inter Vivos Transfer)
The sale involves the inter vivos transfer of a business. This is determined by the specific assets being transferred, essentially the company itself. This applies specifically to trading companies when transferring a capital unit formed by economic activity and labor, managed and organized by its owner.
The transfer conveys ownership of the company, focusing on economic factors and factual/legal relationships not subject to legal control. These include organization, customers,
Read MoreSpanish Civil War & Road to World War II: Key Events
The Spanish Civil War
Petitions for autonomy were a key factor leading to the conflict.
The rebels, who called themselves “nacionales,” received support from Germany and Italy, including approximately 200,000 soldiers and modern weaponry. The Republicans were aided by the Soviet Union. In 1936, General Franco became the leader of the nacionales. The areas under nacional control were organized according to fascist principles.
After three years of fighting, the rebels won the war, and the fascist
Read MoreSpain’s Democratic Sexenio: From Revolution to Republic (1868-1874)
The Six-Year Revolution (1868-1874)
The Glorious Revolution: Amidst social unrest caused by poor harvests, economic struggles in industry and finance, and widespread political dissatisfaction with Isabel II’s government, a revolution ignited in September 1868. Driven by the desire to overthrow a system benefiting only the wealthy and powerful, various political factions united under the banners of “Down with the Bourbons” and “Long Live Spain with Honor.” The revolution’s triumph led to Isabel II’
Read More