Cell Division: Mitosis and the Cell Cycle Explained
The Cell Cycle: A Detailed Explanation
Role Play: This is the period of time from when a cell divides until it gives rise to other cells, encompassing all processes within that timeframe.
Interface: The Longest Stage
The interface is the longest stage, featuring the cell nucleus and consisting of three phases:
G1 Phase
During this stage, mRNA synthesis, and therefore protein synthesis, takes place. The cell contains a Diplosoma. Towards the end of this phase, there’s a point of no return, called the
Read MoreDental Office Infection Control
Cross-contamination: Occurs from patient to patient via medical staff or the instruments used. The chain of infection is influenced by key factors that determine the spread of disease through contact between the infectious agent and a susceptible host. Opportunistic Pathogens: Pathology results when the body’s defenses are reduced. Antiseptic: Chemical disinfection of the skin, mucosa, or other tissues using an antiseptic. Antiseptics inactivate substances that inhibit bacterial growth. Disinfection:
Read MoreSpanish and European Union Law: A Comparative Study
State Institutions
Legislative Branch
The Parliament, known as the Cortes Generales, comprises two chambers: the Congress of Deputies and the Senate. The Cortes Generales exercise legislative power, manage budgets, and hold other powers granted by the Constitution.
Executive Power
The government holds executive power, directing domestic and foreign policies, military administration, and state defense.
Judiciary
Judges enforce laws in cases under their jurisdiction.
The Crown
The King, as head of state,
Read MoreGalician Dialects: Phonology, Morphology, and Regional Variations
Galician Dialects: Phonological and Morphological Features
Dialectology: Dialectal Variations: Dialectal variations can affect phonology, morphology (including syntax), and vocabulary.
Phonological Variations
Galician dialects differ in their use of phonemes.
Vowel Differences
While most Galician dialects have seven non-vocalic phonemes, the specific vowels used in words can vary.
Phoneme Variations
- Nasal consonants in the syllable coda can influence preceding vowels, particularly ‘E’ in nouns and adjectives,
Argentina’s Industrial Evolution: WWI to Post-WWII
Impact of World War I on Domestic Industry
The First World War significantly altered Argentina’s domestic industry. The reduction in foreign trade provided a protective environment for local industries. However, the need to import production equipment remained a challenge, hindering full utilization of this advantage. The textile industry experienced expansion due to new market opportunities created by the war.
Post-War Industrial Development
The advancement of the textile industry slowed after the
Read MoreThe 1936 Basque Statute of Autonomy: Origins, Content, and Context
The 1936 Basque Statute of Autonomy
Type: Statute of Autonomy. Form: Legal text/Political content. Author: Junta formed by Parliament (I. Prieto=President + J.A. Aguirre=Secretary) and confirmed by the Cortes. Addressed to: Inhabitants of the Basque territories (especially the nationalists). Objective: Establish a new legal framework for the new autonomy composed of Álava, Bizkaia, and Gipuzkoa. Location and Date: Approved in Valencia on January 1st and published in the Gazette of Madrid on January
Read MoreCore Economic Principles and Market Concepts
1. People Face Trade-offs
Efficiency: The property of society getting the maximum benefits from its scarce resources.
Equality: The property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society.
2. The Cost of Something Is What You Give Up
Opportunity Cost: Whatever must be given up to obtain some item, or the last best alternative forgone.
3. Rational People Think at the Margin
Rational decision-making involves comparing marginal benefits and marginal costs: Marginal Benefits ≥ Marginal
Read MoreSpain’s Tumultuous Path: Politics, Catalonia & Second Republic
Early 20th Century Spanish Political Landscape
The Spanish political system was divided. Within the established system were the dynastic parties: the Conservative and Liberal parties. Outside this system were several groups:
- Carlists
- Catalan nationalists (Regionalist League – Lliga Regionalista)
- Basque nationalists (Basque Nationalist Party – PNV)
- Republicans (Radical Republican Party, Republican Union)
- Working-class movements: Socialists (PSOE, UGT) and Anarchists (CNT)
The Radical Party, with a Republican
Read MoreUnderstanding Taxes, Money, and Economic Systems
Taxes: An Overview
Taxes: A tax is a payment demanded by public administrations without direct compensation to the taxpayer.
Types of Taxes
- Direct Tax: Levied directly on people and companies based on income or ownership of goods.
- Indirect Tax: Levied on the consumption or use of goods.
Specific Tax Examples
- IRPF (Personal Income Tax): Tax levied on individual income from work and capital.
- IS (Corporate Tax): Paid by companies on profits, proportional to the benefit obtained.
- IVA (VAT – Value Added Tax)
Philosophical Quotes and Glossary of Terms
Philosophical Quotes
We must follow the argument wherever it leads (Socrates)
Love is desire for the perpetual possession of the good (Plato)
Life is long if you know how to live it (Seneca)
The truth is the whole (G.W.F. Hegel)
He who has a why to live for can bear almost any how (Friedrich Nietzsche)
The limits of my language are the limits of my reality (Ludwig Wittgenstein)
A theory that explains everything, explains nothing (Karl R. Popper)
It is better for rulers to be feared than loved (Niccolo Machiavelli)
Read More