Optimizing On-the-Job Training and Employee Well-being
On-the-Job Training: An Overview
On-the-job training (OJT) is the most common and often the most effective training method. It includes:
- Coaching and mentoring: Coaching involves guidance between a worker and supervisor, while mentoring pairs a senior employee with a junior employee (protégé).
- Job rotation, secondment, and shadowing: These involve exposure to different tasks, multi-skilling to train entry-level managers, and providing back-up support.
- E-learning: Delivered by electronic technology
Understanding Jus Cogens and Treaty Amendments in International Law
Binding Rules on States
These rules are binding on all states, as defined in Article 53 of the Vienna Convention of 1969. They are standards that meet the following requirements: being accepted and recognized, with no derogation permitted. They may only be modified by a subsequent norm.
Consequences Established by the Convention
As a result, the Convention itself establishes consequences: any treaty that conflicts with a norm of jus cogens is void. If a new rule of jus cogens conflicts with a prior
Read MoreEssential Vocabulary and Phrases for Business and Daily Life
Essential Vocabulary and Phrases
This document provides a list of essential vocabulary and phrases, including translations and context.
Business and Finance
- Wishing well: el pozo de los deseos
- Redundancy Scheme: ERE (Abroad: en el extranjero)
- Income tax: impuesto de IRPF
- VAT: Value Added Tax
- Tax refund: devolución del IVA para no residentes
- Duty: arancel
- Excise tax: impuestos especiales
- To levy: gravar, recaudar
- Customs: aduanas
- Outlet: tienda o establecimiento
- Department store: grandes almacenes
- Direct mailing:
Compromise of 1850 and Antebellum Slavery Issues
The Compromise of 1850
Initially, the Compromise of 1850 was introduced by Henry Clay to ease tensions between the North and South. However, the Compromise had the opposite effect. It stipulated that California would be admitted as a free state, and the slave trade would be banned in Washington, D.C. To appease the South, the Fugitive Slave Act was included. However, the North ultimately benefited the most because the balance between free and slave states was disrupted.
Furthermore, the Fugitive Slave
The Glorious Revolution and First Spanish Democracy (1868-1874)
The Glorious Revolution
The Six-Year Period in Spain (1868-1874) was a time of significant political change. The term ‘canton’ refers to a territorial and administrative division characterized by a substantial degree of political autonomy.
The press of the time lampooned the political situation during the Spanish administration.
C. Constitution promulgated between 1808 and 1874.
A. Included progressives, led by General Prim; the Liberal Union, led by General Serrano; Republicans; and Democrats. In September
Read MoreMicrobiology Terms: A Quick Reference
Here’s a list of key microbiology terms and their definitions:
- Agal: A polysaccharide extracted from seaweeds.
- Growth factors: Organic compounds required for growth that an organism cannot synthesize.
- Aerobic: Organisms that use oxygen as a hydrogen acceptor.
- Anaerobic: Organisms that use a hydrogen acceptor other than oxygen and are inhibited by oxygen.
- Aerobic Types:
- Aerobic Extrista: Organisms that only use oxygen as an acceptor.
- Microaerophilic: Organisms that require only small amounts of oxygen.
- Anaerobic
The 1929 Crash and the New Deal: Economic Recovery
The 1929 Crash and the “New Deal”
4.1. The Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression
Many investors were aware that stock prices were much higher than their actual value. Distrust spread among investors, and on October 24, 1929 (Black Thursday), a large sell-off affected the New York Stock Exchange. Suddenly, everyone wanted to sell their shares, and no one wanted to buy.
The wide range of actions caused the value to fall and crash, triggering the stock market crash of 1929. Many investors were ruined,
Read MoreBourgeois Revolutions: American and French
Bourgeois Revolutions
The bourgeois revolutions enabled the bourgeoisie to gain political power and social status. These revolutions took place in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, beginning with two major events:
- American Revolution: Independence of the United States, setting an example for others.
- French Revolution: Ended absolute monarchy and the states system of the Ancien Régime, marking the beginning of the Modern Age.
American Revolution: Causes
The American Revolution was driven by several
Read MoreSpanish Land Confiscations: Impact on Society and Economy
Secularization and Land Confiscations in Spain
Secularization was a fundamental stage in the process of bourgeois revolution. It meant a change in the system of land ownership, and in Spain, this process occurred intermittently with progressive governments. It consisted of the enactment of laws by the state to disentail ecclesiastical and municipal property. The process had several stages:
- First stage: Lands.
- Second stage: Disentailment. In the first phase, by a decree law, these lands passed to belong
Marxist Class Division and Ideology Analysis
Marxist Perspectives on Class Division and Ideology
Marxists believe that capitalist society is divided into social classes, primarily focusing on two:
1. The Working Class or Proletariat
Marx defined this class as “individuals who sell their labor and have no means of production.” He considered them responsible for creating society’s wealth (e.g., buildings, bridges, furniture, and services). The proletariat can be further divided into:
- Ordinary Proletariat: Those who are regularly employed.
- Lumpenproletariat: