Mastering Core Business and Marketing Concepts
Essential Marketing Concepts
Market Sizing and Segmentation
Defining Market Potential (TAM, SAM, SOM)
- TAM (Total Addressable Market): The total possible market size.
- SAM (Serviceable Available Market): The relevant or targetable segment of the TAM.
- SOM (Serviceable Obtainable Market): The realistically reachable share of the SAM that your business can capture in the short to medium term.
Jobs to Be Done (JTBD) and Segmentation
JTBD describes what the customer wants to achieve in their life, what progress
Read MoreThe Restoration of Alfonso XII and the Cánovas System
The pronouncement of General Martínez Campos ended the democratic presidential term, initiating the Restoration. This transition was preceded by three key factors: the pacification of the country, international recognition of Prince Alfonso, and the acceptance of the monarchy by public opinion. These factors occurred in phases, starting with the military regime headed by Serrano, which ruled for eleven months to address the disorder of the riots. Another crucial factor was the Manifesto of Sandhurst,
Read MoreBiology and Psychology Essential Study Reference
Biology and Psychology Cheat Sheet
—–A4 Double-Sided Cheat Sheet Layout—–
Side 1: Biology
Features of Living Things
- Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, and Nutrition (MRSGREN)
Hierarchy of Classification
- Domain > Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
- Binomial Nomenclature: Genus (capitalized) + species (lowercase), italicized, e.g., Homo sapiens
Cells
- Prokaryotic: No nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotic: Nucleus,
The 1936 Basque Statute of Autonomy: Context and Impact
The Statute of Autonomy of 1936
This document is a Primary Source, structured as a legal text with significant political content.
- Authorship: Junta formed by Parliament (Indalecio Prieto, President; José Antonio Aguirre, Secretary), confirmed by the Cortes.
- Addressed To: Inhabitants of the Basque territories (especially nationalists) and the general public.
- Objective: To establish a new legal framework for the autonomy composed of Álava, Biscay (Bizkaia), and Gipuzkoa.
- Location & Date of Approval:
Essential Linux Commands, User Roles, and Process States
Common Linux Commands and Utilities
The commands listed below are a mix of standard Unix/Linux utilities and internal shell commands. Below is the syntax and purpose for the most common interpretations in a Linux environment.
1. stat (st) 📊
The command st is not a standard standalone utility, but it is often used as a shortcut or abbreviation for the stat command.
- Syntax (using stat):
stat [OPTION]... FILE... - Purpose: The
statcommand displays detailed information about a file or file system. This
Essential Computer Fundamentals and Software Systems
Evolution of Computer Generations
The history of computing is categorized into generations, defined by the fundamental electronic technology used. This evolution has led to continuous improvements in speed, size, cost, and efficiency.
| Generation | Approximate Period | Core Technology | Key Features | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | 1940 – 1956 | Vacuum Tubes | Enormous size, very slow, high heat output, used Machine Language. | ENIAC, UNIVAC I |
| Second | 1956 – 1963 | Transistors | Smaller, faster, more reliable, used Assembly Language and early High- |
Data Structures and Algorithms: Core Concepts and Comparisons
Graph and Tree Structures Fundamentals
Difference between Tree and Graph
The fundamental differences between trees and graphs are summarized below:
| Feature | Tree | Graph |
|---|---|---|
| Structure | A tree is a hierarchical structure containing a root and several levels of child nodes. | A graph is a network structure containing vertices and edges without any fixed hierarchical arrangement. |
| Cycles | A tree never contains cycles because it maintains a strict parent-child relationship across all nodes. | A graph can freely contain cycles |
The Foundations of Modern Thought: Philosophy, Politics, and Science
Philosophical Shifts and Political Thought
William of Ockham and the Decline of Scholasticism
The doctrine of William of Ockham defended empirical knowledge of facts. With him began the decline of Scholasticism. This period marked the start of major conflicts between religious and political power. Ockham’s approach paved the way for encouraging empirical thinking and science. Philosophy began to separate from theology.
Niccolò Machiavelli: Politics and the State
Machiavelli sought to explain the nature
Read MoreAdobe Photoshop Fundamentals: Raster Graphics and Image Editing
1. Graphics Fundamentals
Graphics are visual representations used to communicate ideas, messages, or data.
Types of Graphics
- Raster: Pixel-based images (e.g., photos).
- Vector: Mathematical path-based images (e.g., logos).
- Uses: Branding, advertising, web design, UI/UX, and digital art.
- Software: Adobe Photoshop (Raster), Adobe Illustrator (Vector), CorelDRAW, Canva, and Figma.
| Feature | Raster Graphics | Vector Graphics |
| Composition | Pixels (colored squares) | Mathematical paths/anchors |
| Scalability | Becomes “pixelated” |
Environmental Studies, Sustainability & Ecosystems
Environmental Studies
Environmental studies is multidisciplinary in nature, integrating knowledge and methods from various fields such as ecology, biology, chemistry, geology, economics, sociology, and political science to understand and address complex environmental issues. This multidisciplinary approach is essential because environmental problems are influenced by diverse physical, biological, social, and economic factors and cannot be solved by a single discipline alone. [1]
The scope of environmental
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