The End of the Cold War, Decolonization, and Spain (1939-1991)
Theme 7: The End of the Cold War (1968–1991)
Détente (1968–1979)
- The Détente period marked a reduction in tensions between the USA and the USSR, although communist influence continued to spread in Latin America and Africa.
- The 1973 Oil Crisis caused a global economic downturn as oil prices rose dramatically, leading to inflation and economic restructuring.
Renewed Conflict (1979–1985)
- The Cold War escalated again in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
- Ronald Reagan, US President from 1981 to 1989,
Core Concepts and Theories of Effective Leadership
Concepts and Ideas of Leadership
Defining Leadership
Leadership: The ability to make men and women do what they might not like, and yet you like it. It is the influence—the art or process of influencing people to strive willingly and enthusiastically toward meeting group goals.
Components of Leadership
- The ability to make effective and responsible use of power.
- The ability to understand that human beings have different motivations at different times and situations.
- The ability to inspire others.
- The
Essential Concepts in Biology, Ecology, and Disaster Management
Disaster Management Principles and Practices
Post-Disaster Management Activities
- Providing all types of necessary help to victims of disasters.
- Participation of preferably local people saved from the disaster in arranging help for victims.
- Quick establishment of help centers. Different types of disasters require different types of control centers.
- Categorization of help material received from the control center, delivering the material to victims, and continuous review of the assistance provided.
- Being
20th Century Turning Points: Revolutions, Depression, and Dictatorships
The Tsarist Autocracy and Russian Society
In the early twentieth century, the Russian Empire survived under monarchical absolutism, known as the Tsarist autocracy.
Characteristics of Tsarist Rule
The Tsar ruled by decree, was not subject to any constitution, and did not have to answer to a parliament. Control of the Empire was assured by the bureaucracy, the army, and the Orthodox Church.
Economic and Social Structure
Agriculture was the main economic activity. Land was concentrated in the hands of a
Read MoreEU Road Transport Operator Requirements: Regulation 1071/2009 Compliance
Key Provisions of EU Regulation 1071/2009
Scope, Objectives, and Compliance (Q1–Q10)
What was *not* a reason for the EU passing Regulation (EC) No 1071/2009? → Employing the younger generations.
Prior to Regulation 1071/2009, were all Member States consistently following rules and regulations? → False.
Consequences resulting from the inconsistent application of rules and directives:
- Employing staff with a low professional qualification.
- Distortion of competition.
How does employing unprofessional
Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Management in India
Module 1: Entrepreneurship and Motivation
Defining Entrepreneurship
Derived from the French word “entreprendre” meaning to undertake. An entrepreneur is one who undertakes risk, and entrepreneurship is the process of creating a business by innovating and managing risk for profit.
Requirements to be an Entrepreneur
- Innovation
- Risk-taking ability
- Vision and opportunity recognition
- Decision-making skill
- Leadership and adaptability
Entrepreneur vs. Intrapreneur
- Entrepreneur: Owns and controls the business,
Essential Concepts in Organic Chemistry and Pharmacology
Conformational Isomers of n-Butane (C4H10)
Conformational isomers, also known as conformers or rotamers, are molecules that share the same molecular formula and bond sequence but differ in their three-dimensional arrangement of atoms. This difference arises due to rotation around single bonds.
Staggered and Eclipsed Conformations
When we rotate the carbon-carbon single bond in n-butane, we observe two main types of conformations:
- Staggered Conformation: In this conformation, the hydrogen atoms on adjacent
Literary Currents Preceding Ausias March: Toulouse and Italian Influences
The Influence of the School of Toulouse on Catalan Poetry
James and Peter March: Precursors to Ausias March
James March and Peter March, uncle and father respectively of Ausias March, wrote from very different viewpoints. James leaned toward the court and cultivated loving subjects of French influence, dictating sirventesos. Peter criticized customs, often focusing on the lives of craftsmen.
Peter March (Pere March)
Father of Ausias March, he wrote a work famous among his contemporaries, The Evil
Read MoreEssential Terminology in Strategic Management
Strategic Management Glossary: Key Business Concepts
Added Value
The difference between the full cost of a product and its financial value in the market. Achieving high added value is one of the primary objectives of business strategy.
Backward Vertical Development (Integración Vertical Hacia Atrás)
The strategy of buying your suppliers. This involves the acquisition of a part or the entirety of the backward direction in the supply chain.
BCG Matrix
A planning tool used to rationalize and understand
Read MoreThe Spanish Restoration Era (1874–1931): Politics, Industrialization, and Social Conflict
The Spanish Restoration System (1874–1931)
The Constitution of 1876 is one of the foundations of the political system of the Restoration in Spain, which lasted from 1874 to 1931. Following the Glorious Revolution of 1868 and several years of political instability, Antonio Cánovas del Castillo restored the monarchy with Alfonso XII to bring stability to the country.
The 1876 Constitution and Political Structure
Cánovas designed a moderate political system that strengthened the power of the monarch
Read More