Railway Operating Procedures and Rules

Restrictive Track Warrant Rules

Do not issue a track warrant electronically if it restricts authority or movement and the train or MW foreman has previously received authority to leave the station. Verbally issue the restricting track warrant to a crew member or MW foreman. Do not issue the second paragraph of GCOR/MWOR 14.13.

Suspending Block System Signals

A Division General Manager must authorize a block system or section of a block system to be removed from service.

Whistle Warning Procedures

For

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Understanding Agrarian Activities and Their Impact

Agrarian Activities: These are activities that involve the production of animal or plant materials. They are classified into agriculture, livestock, and forestry.

Factors of Production: These are elements that facilitate the development of agricultural activities. There are two main groups:

  • Physical Factors: Relief, ground, and climate.
  • Human Factors: Technological and economic advances, population.

Production Systems: Agrarian activities use a range of crop, livestock, and forestry production systems.

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Adolescent Psychosexual Development Stages

Psychosexual Development Stages

Individuals go through different stages of development in which changes occur within themselves and in their relationships with others. These are called stages of psychosexual development, driven by libido, the psychic energy associated with sexual drives.

In these phases, the individual seeks various forms of sexual satisfaction and engages in fantasies.

The Latency Stage

This stage is characterized by a focus on acquiring skills necessary for life. Childhood sexual

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Nietzsche’s Challenge to Western Thought

The philosophy of Nietzsche involves a radical confrontation with much of the Western tradition. He is opposed to dogmatism, whose roots lie in Socrates, Plato, or Christian philosophy.

The distinction or opposition, made in his earlier works, between the Dionysian and Apollonian leads him to develop an original interpretation of the history of philosophy. According to this view, thought moves away from life, from Socratic reflection, leading him to oppose it, denying it through the invention of

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Buguental’s Humanistic Psychology Concepts and Techniques

Buguental: Basic Postulates

  • The person is the sum of their components.
  • Existence of a self consumed within relationships.
  • The lives of conscious human beings.
  • The self chooses and decides.
  • Goal-oriented lives.

Position of the Therapist

  • The self is in the center of psychology, against scientific requirements of objectivity.
  • Give more importance to the sense of ‘what’ than to procedural issues.
  • Validations are based on human criteria.
  • Rely on phenomenological guidance.
  • Attaches importance to qualitative methods.
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Criteria for Truth in Epistemology

Epistemology and Truth Criteria

Epistemology concerns the criteria we use to determine truth.

Criteria in the Plane of Vision

This involves pure speculation:

  • Truth in Perception
  • Truth in the Trial

Criteria in the Rational Plane

In this rational plane, beliefs or opinions arise, which are often false.

The Criterion of Evidence

Here we must refer to the criterion of intellectual evidence proposed by Descartes, whose components are clarity and distinction.

A different way to formulate the criterion of evidence

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Key Concepts in Argumentation and Rhetoric

Argumentation vs. Opinion Differences

Argumentation and opinion both involve expressing viewpoints but differ in their foundation and purpose. An opinion is a subjective belief reflecting personal feelings or preferences, often expressed informally and without requiring evidence. In contrast, argumentation aims to persuade through a structured presentation of logical reasons and solid evidence, such as data, expert insights, or statistics, while also addressing counterarguments to strengthen its

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Spain 1936: Election, Conflict, and Conspiracy

Popular Front Program & Feb 1936 Election

International communism’s change of strategy dictated that policy should continue through the establishment of Popular Fronts. These involved an alliance of socialist and communist parties with bourgeois parties, united against a common enemy: fascism. The Popular Front project was implemented in Spain. As the government was embroiled in bribery and financial scandals, it called for elections on February 16, 1936. Republicans and Socialists prepared for

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Human Respiratory and Digestive Systems & Illnesses

Human Respiratory and Digestive Systems

The respiratory system exchanges gases with the external environment. It takes oxygen (O₂) from the air and transfers it to the bloodstream, while taking carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the blood and expelling it from the body.

The Respiratory System

Components of the Respiratory Tract

  • Nasal passages
  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
  • Trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Bronchioles

These tubes carry air from outside the body into the lungs and vice versa.

The Lungs

Spongy organs located in the rib cage and separated

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Spanish Literary Periods: Baroque to Naturalism

Baroque Theater (17th Century)

Baroque Theater Features

  • Collapse of the rules of unity (place, time, and action).
  • Mixture of tragedy and comedy.
  • Parallel actions, not a single action.
  • Division of comedy into three acts: the problem arises in Act 1, is developed in the second, and concludes in the third.
  • Interspersed lyric elements.
  • Main themes are love and honor (often recovered with vengeance).

Example work: Francisco de Quevedo – Life of Don Pablos the Sharper.

18th Century: Enlightenment & Neoclassicism

Enlightenment

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