Philosophy Quizzes: Scientific Methods, Theories, and Concepts
Posted on Mar 9, 2025 in Philosophy and ethics
Quiz 4
- Question: Double-blind studies on the effectiveness of drugs require the use of which scientific method?
Answer: The Method of Difference - Question: Which scientific method was used to discover the influence of the gravitational field of the Moon on the Earth?
Answer: The Method of Concomitant Variations - Question: What is the essential characteristic of scientific theories, according to Karl Popper?
Answer: Refutability - Question: David Hume belonged to which philosophical tradition?
Answer: Empiricism - Question: How many are the possible explanations of the observed correlation of events A and B?
Answer: 4 - Question: According to Karl Popper, what is the essential property of scientific theories that is not present in pseudoscience?
Answer: Refutability - Question: Which scientific method will be appropriate for identifying causal relations among large celestial bodies, e.g., stars, planets, etc.?
Answer: The Method of Concomitant Variations - Question: Which method of determining causal relations would be most appropriate for the analysis of a massive outbreak of a disease?
Answer: The Method of Agreement - Question: Which theory of truth requires us to match our beliefs to a mind-independent reality?
Answer: Not Coherence Theory - Question: Which philosopher argued that causal relations are not discovered by any form of reasoning?
Answer: David Hume - Question: According to which theory, a belief is true if it makes a positive difference in a person’s life?
Answer: Not Correspondence Theory - Question: Which of the following terms is used to describe the questionable cause fallacy, i.e., attributing causal connections to successive events correlated by accident?
Answer: Post hoc ergo propter hoc - Question: Which theory of truth is used in the proofs of mathematical theorems?
Answer: Not Subjective Theory
Quiz 5
- Question: Which of the following distinctions was essential for the philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard?
Answer: Aesthetic, ethical, religious - Question: Which philosopher was the main representative of the position of hard determinism in Modern Philosophy?
Answer: Paul Holbach - Question: In his article “On Sense and Reference,” Frege challenged which theory of language?
Answer: The Direct Reference theory - Question: Which philosophical program was inspired by the views of Ludwig Wittgenstein?
Answer: Logical Positivism - Question: What position tries to establish a compromise between free will and scientific laws?
Answer: Nominalism - Question: What is the name of the most famous book of Ludwig Wittgenstein?
Answer: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus - Question: John Searle developed the following thought experiment as an objection to the program of Strong Artificial Intelligence:
Answer: Chinese Room example - Question: Which of the following claims captures the basic tenets of existentialism?
Answer: Existence precedes essence. - Question: What is the name of the philosophical position which maintains that all events, including human actions, are caused by factors that are out of our control?
Answer: Determinism - Question: What is the name of the most popular test for identifying artificial intelligence?
Answer: Turing Test - Question: Which of the following distinctions is essential for Searle’s argument against Strong AI?
Answer: Not digital vs analog; semantics vs. syntax
