PLC: Introduction to PLC

Introduction to PLC

PLC Advantages

PLC Structure

***Microprocessor-based control system

Main Parts:

  • CPU
  • Memory

Operation

PLC

Relay

Replacing Relay

Comparison of PLC and PC

PLC Structure

Advantages

Structure

Microprocessor-based control system

Main Parts:

  • CPU
  • Memory

Operation

PLC

Replacing Relay

Comparison of PLC and PC

SCADA

DCS

Examples of DCS

Features of DCS

Sensors

Resistance Potentiometer (Potentiometric Sensors)

Capacitive and Inductive Sensors

Inductive Sensors

Capacitive Sensors

Differential Pressure Measurement

Torsional and Shearing Stress Measurement of Axis

Flow Measurement

Hot Wire Anemometer

Constant Current Method

Constant Resistance Method

Eddy-Current Sensors

Advantages

Variable Reluctance Tachometer

Phase Measurements

Automation

Advantages

Disadvantages

Functional

Sensing and Actuation Elements

Sensor Systems

Architecture of Elements

Selection of Actuators

Types of Actuators

Principal in Hydraulic Actuators

Components of Hydraulic Actuations System

Advantages

Disadvantages

Pneumatic Actuator

Operation Principal

Components

Accident Style Subdivided into Two

Single Acting Cylinders

Double Acting Cylinder

Advantages

Disadvantages

Components

Advantages

Disadvantages

Electro Pneumatic Actuator

Solenoid

Valve

Valve Actuator

Shape Memory Alloy

Types of SMA

Pseudo Elasticity

Manufacture

Application

Transducers

Characteristics of Transducers

Static Characteristics

Factors Influencing Choice of Transducer

Signal Conditioning Circuits

Precision Rectifier

Charge Amplifier

Isolation Amplifiers

Advantages of Switched Capacitor Circuits

Phase Sensitive Detector

Techniques for Reducing Measurement Noise

MEMS

Scale of Integration

Advantages and Disadvantages

MEMS Device Comprise

Importance of MEMS

Microactuator

Application Microactuator

Microsensor

MEMS Sensor Used in Typical Car

MEMS Fabrication Technique

Bulk Micromachining

Surface Micromachining

LIGA

Fusion Bonding

Graphical Programming

Use of GP

Programming Languages nGP

Factoring Process MEMS

Manufacturing Micromachining

Manufacturing of Surface Micro Machine

MEMS Accelerator

Working

Application

Virtual Instrumentation System

Architecture

Virtual and Traditional Instruments

Virtual Instrument Necessity

Graphical Programming

Advantages

Disadvantages

Displacement Measurement

Application

Signal Conditioning Circuit

Instrumentation Amplifier

Precision Amplifier

Log Amplifier

Charge Amplifier

Application

Advantages

Phase Sensor Detector

Isolation Amplifier

3 Methods Provide Isolation

Switched Capacitor Circuits

Advantages of Switched Capacitor Circuits

Disadvantages of Switching

Noise Problem in Instrumentation and Minimization

Capacitive Coupling

Noise Due to Multiple Earth

Noise in Form of Voltage Transient

Strain Gauge

Flow Measurement

Eddy Current Sensor

Basic Theory

Advantages

Dynamic Motion

Tachometer

Process Control Loop

Plant or Process

Feedback Element

Error Detector

Automatic Controller

Activator for the Control Element

Review of Transducer

Transducer Main Components

Carrier of the Transducer

Selection Criteria of the Transducer

Factors Considered While Selecting a Transducer