Power Generation and Engine Types
Energy Sources
Renewable Energy
Renewable energy sources can be used continuously. Examples include:
- Hydraulic Energy: Water moves wheels and turbines, generating power.
- Wind Energy: Wind turns the blades of wind turbines.
- Biomass Energy: Organic waste is used as fuel.
- Solar Energy: Sunlight heats solar cells, producing electricity.
- Geothermal Energy: Heat from the Earth’s interior is harnessed.
Non-Renewable Energy
Non-renewable energy sources are finite and cannot be regenerated. Examples include:
- Nuclear Energy: Energy is released from the splitting of atoms.
- Fossil Fuels: Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are burned for energy.
Power Plants
Power plants convert heat into electricity. Common types include coal, gas, nuclear (non-renewable), and solar (renewable) power plants. Nuclear power plants have low raw material requirements but generate toxic waste. Solar power plants use heliostats to concentrate sunlight, heating water to create steam, which drives a turbine connected to a generator.
Hydropower
Hydropower plants utilize the pressure of water in a reservoir. The high-pressure water moves a turbine, generating mechanical energy that is then converted to electricity by a generator.
Fossil Fuels
Fossil fuels originate from organic substances. Combustion reactions involving these substances produce carbon dioxide, water, and heat. Fossil fuels include:
- Coal: A mineral formed from plant sedimentation.
- Oil: A mixture of hydrocarbons formed from plankton sedimentation.
- Natural Gas: Primarily composed of methane, often found alongside oil. An odorless substance is added for detection.
Alternative Fuels
Alternative fuels are under development. These primarily consist of agricultural products or waste vegetable oils.
Engines
Steam Engine
A steam engine is an external combustion engine that uses the thermal energy of water vapor to generate mechanical energy.
Internal Combustion Engine
An internal combustion engine generates mechanical energy directly from the chemical energy released by burning fuel within a combustion chamber.
Steam Turbine
A steam turbine transforms the energy contained in high-temperature, high-pressure steam into mechanical energy, typically used to generate electricity.
Jet Engine
is a type of internal combustion engine that uses the exhaust at high speed to create movement in a vehicle, aircraft normally.
Engine-4 stroke:
· First time or admission at this stage aims to decrease the piston engines and fuel mixture daire caused power or air motors ignited by compression. The intake valve is kept open, while the output is closed. The first time the crankshaft and camshaft and the valve 90 degrees woman Admission is open and the race is downward.
Second time compression or ·: When reaching the lower end of the race, the admission valve opens, to compress the gas content in the chamber by the rising piston. 2nd time the crankshaft 180 degrees and women camshaft gives 180 degrees plus the two valves are open and their care is falling.
Third time · or explosion: At the end of degree higher gas has reached a minimum pressure. Engine power produced, the spark jumps the spark plug causing inflammation of the mixture, while the diesel fuel that is injected by prison s’autoinflama and temperature existing inside the cylinder. In both cases, once the burning started, it progresses rapidly increasing the temperature inside the cylinder and expanding gases push the piston. This is the only stage where you get physical work. At this time, the crankshaft 180 degrees while the woman camshaft gives 270 ° C, both valves are closed and his career is down
· Quarte time or escape: At this stage the piston pushes in its upward movement, the combustion gases through the exhaust valve being closed. On reaching the upper end of course, closes the exhaust valve opens and the admission to restart the cycle. At this time, the crankshaft, and women 720 ° 180 ° camshaft woman and her career is falling.