Production Management: Concepts, Techniques, and Control
Production Management
Control and Essential Function of Government
It is a permanent process of observation and measurement by comparing regular, anticipated results and subsequent realizations. This allows for obtaining information that will serve to regulate the decisions aimed at achieving the objectives pursued.
Types of Control
- According to time: Ex-ante control, current control, future control
- By purpose: Control of accuracy, efficiency control
Techniques Used in the Function of Control
- Budget: Based on the development and implementation of budgets prepared for a future time.
- Non-budget: Observation of subordinates, audits, analysis of impasses, PERT techniques, mathematical and simulation techniques.
Production Concept
- Economic viewpoint: A process to obtain a range of goods and services designed to meet human needs.
- Technical standpoint: A physical process of transformation, following a technology, of a number of elements, resources, or factors into a specific set of outputs.
Definition of Productive Technology
It is a set of instructions that specify the set of factors or resources that must be combined, the quantities of the same, its place in the process, and the operations in each stage of the process to apply and develop.
Targets for Efficiency in a Production System
- Operating costs of the system
- Relationship between production capacity of the system and the obtained volume of production
- Quality of the production
- Flexible production system with technical and economic changes
- Social or value of the productive system
Concept of Product Development
It is to launch a completely new and original product or to sell a product type that already exists but offering improved quality, price, or performance levels.
Main Productive Settings
- On projects: If a product is obtained through a long process of manufacture.
- For workshops: Where different products are obtained in the same premises.
- Online: When you get the same product in the same premises.
Advantages and Disadvantages of an Online Plant Layout
Benefits:
- Makes better use of the plant’s surface and reduces the material in the course of manufacture.
- Requires little staff.
- Scheduling and production control are simple.
Inconveniences:
- Expensive facilities.
- The process has no flexibility.
- A fault paralyzes the entire line.
Advantages and Disadvantages of a Functional Plant Layout
Benefits:
- Allows for a large range of products.
- Lower investment in equipment.
- Less routine for operators.
- If a machine breaks down, it does not paralyze the entire process.
Inconveniences:
- More moving and handling of materials.
- Planning and control are quite complicated, requiring trained personnel.
Balanced Production Line
It involves grouping or subdividing the activities or tasks forming workstations so that they all have the same amount of work to do in terms of the time required to comply.
Concept and Functions of Planning and Production Control
The set of functions aimed at the provision and coordination of production resources and manufacturing to be done, so that one can define the delivery of products and manufacture at the lowest cost.
Functions:
- Production planning
- Work preparation
- Production scheduling
- Launch
- Monitoring work progress
- Drive and correction
Concept of Planning
Planning involves establishing a master production plan based on forecasts of sales or orders made by customers.
Work Preparation
It involves a series of production orders and supply that will lead to the completion of the master plan.
Production Scheduling
It consists of assigning manufacturing orders or transactions that are broken down to specific workplaces within specific time intervals.
Objectives:
- Completing completion dates of each manufacture.
- Maintaining inventories as low as possible.
- Using the least amount of resources possible.
Concept of Release
It is the act of ordering the execution of a given job, using a certain resource, and according to a program, all of which has been previously determined by the different functions of planning and production control.
Concept and Control of Completion
It is a function of planning and production control that monitors the progress of implementation of the work, obtains information about it, and assists in the preparation of corrective action when deviations occur in the planned march.
Fundamentals of Gantt Diagrams
The work planned and carried out can be represented in the space of a chart in their relationship and in relation to time.