Programming Paradigms: Imperative, OOP, Visual, Structured & More
Programming Paradigms
Imperative Programming
Imperative languages are based on commands that instruct the computer to perform actions, organize, or modify values in memory. These commands are typically executed sequentially.
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
OOP is a programming style that uses objects as fundamental building blocks. These objects encapsulate data (attributes) and functions (methods) that operate on that data, simulating real-world entities. OOP is considered a fifth-generation language.
Encapsulation
Encapsulation refers to the bundling of data and methods within an object. Interaction with an object occurs through message passing.
Visual Programming
Visual programming utilizes graphical notations and interactive manipulation of software components to define and create programs. This approach often involves visual expressions like graphics, animations, or icons. Visual programming aims to enhance program comprehension and simplify the development process, potentially empowering end-users to create their own programs.
Structured Programming
Structured programming employs a methodology called successive refinement, where a central operation is broken down into smaller, simpler segments. This approach simplifies program maintenance and modification. Structured programming is often represented graphically using flowcharts, illustrating the program’s inputs, processes, and outputs.
Assembler Language
Assembler language emerged as an early attempt to replace machine language with a more human-readable format. It uses mnemonic codes for operations and symbolic addresses. Assemblers translate these instructions into machine code. A source program, written in assembly language, is converted into an object program containing the corresponding machine code.
C Programming Language
C is a versatile, general-purpose language combining high-level features like structured programming, data types, and recursion with low-level capabilities. This allows programmers to handle low-level tasks efficiently, resulting in fast executable code. C is considered a powerful yet concise language, requiring a deeper understanding for safe and reliable programming.