Renaissance and Baroque Literature in Spain
POETRY IN THE RENAISSANCE
Epicurus
Time passes quickly (tempus fugit) and live the present moment (carpe diem).
STOICISM
Blessed is anyone who (beatus ille).
Neoplatonism
The feeling of love and nature (locus amoenus).
FEATURES Renaissance poetry
Love: Sometimes a source of frustration, sadness and other regenerative and purifying the spirit of man.
The nature of love relations framework, reflecting the world in harmony and balancing between, natural perfection.
Myths: Are taken as grounds thematic and resources of literary expression of feelings or thoughts.
Garcilaso de la Vega
In traditional compositions, an epistle, two elegies, three Eclogues, five songs and thirty-eight sonnets.
Topics: Expression of inner feelings and the idealization of love. Among the highlights sonnets mythological character, expressing grief over the death and that develops the carpe diem theme.
The pastoral Eclogue I Nemoroso and Salicio express disdain for his beloved Elisa.
Eclogue II love and praise the Duke of Alba.
Fray Luis de Leon
Religious and nationalist.
Style: Sobriety and simplicity in the use of stylistic devices, very basic adjectives, common questions and exclamations.
Rating:
- Poems of Horace court: Develops the topic or contempt illie beatus Cutting and praise of village. Ode to retired life.
- Poetry of Platonic and Pythagorean influence: They include the theme of contemplation of the universal order and harmony. Serene night.
- Religious Poems: Abode of Heaven, in the ascent.
- Poetry moral and patriotic: Prophecy of the Tagus.
San Juan de la Cruz
Poetry disconnected to the real world, revolves around the dark night symbol, evoking eternity and solitude of the soul. Poetry of escape from reality expressing the love of god.
Form and Style: The lyre musical treatment. Richness and variety of vocabulary. Sensory expression. Use of literary resources.
Compositions:
- The dark night of the soul that speaks of the soul that enjoys having reached the state of perfection.
- Spiritual Canticle, Living Flame of Love Poetry exclamat VAT after a lovely throw the game for the love of God.
PROSE IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
Narrative genres in the sixteenth century
The novel term only included short stories, written in the style of what he composed Boccaccio.
Romances
Novels of escape; will have much fantasy and imagination the exploits of medieval knights. Moralists were censured by critics, who regarded them as harmful for excessive imagination.
Amadis of Gaul, Garci Rodriguez de Montalvo.
Pastoral Novel
Its theme is based on some shepherds, refined and artificial, that expose their amorous misadventures in a natural context idealized. The inner world of the characters always influenced by an ideal, the Platonic love.
Diana enamorada of Gil Polo, La Galatea, Cervantes.
Moorish Novel
Romance border, the theme is the fictional adventures between Arabs and Christians during the period of Reconquista.
The Abencerraje.
Byzantine novel
As a result of the translation of the story and Chariclea Theagenes, written in Greek. The argument is the fabulous adventures that happen to two lovers, in imaginary times and places, until he finally can meet again. Persiles and Segismunda’s Work, Cervantes.
Picaresque novel
Lazarillo de Tormes.
Structure and style
The main feature is its autobiographical nature. There is no definitive outcome of events, so the feeling that the action is disrupted. The development of the action takes a leisurely pace in the first three episodes, but eventually precipitated and lost, to some extent, the effect achieved so far. The style and sobriety are the natural consequence of the Renaissance influence. The lexicon is common, spontaneous and full of sayings and phrases that set it apart from the artificiality of the books of chivalry.
Realism and satirical intent
Realist novel, because it makes many references to everyday life. The literary technique (descriptions, characterization of characters, dialogues …) produces the impression of reality, of truth. The reality is frequently represented diluted in a veil of irony and critical spirit. The humor and satirical intention confers, in some cases, an affectionate and endearing character to the characters in the play, but especially the character of Lazarus.
DRAMA AND LITERARY TRENDS Baroque society
Culteranismo
Artificial exaggeration of language features (absolute beauty, metaphor constant expressive resource, Latinos and neologisms and hyperbaton).
Concept: Associations ingenious ideas are frequent puns.
THEMES AND BAROQUE SHAPES OF THE LYRIC
Love is line is within the Petrarchan.
Nature becomes a decorative background, poetic mythology as aesthetic and symbolic character.
The disappointment will be the most significant issue, the transience of time and reflections on death, current themed burlesque and comic.
Gongora’s poetry
The Gongorism culteranismo or derived from Luis de Gongora. His poetry is usually divided into two groups: the compositions of popular and cultish in verse heroic verse poetry. Poetry of burlesque and poetry in pursuit of beauty.
Works: The Fable of Polyphemus and Galatea, the solitudes.
LOPE DE VEGA
Poetry from culteranismo and concepts whose main features are the optimism and vitality.
Works: Narrative poems such as La Gatomaquia. Lyric poetry as sacred Rhymes and Rhymes. Other: Peribáñez and the Commander of Ocana, Fuente Ovejuna and El Caballero de Olmedo.
QUEVEDO
The concept bases his style, his work expresses the duality of his character, the mockery of social custom and the satirical criticism. His poetry can be divided into three groups:
- Poesia serious tone and intention doctrinal ideas about death and disappointment.
- Love poetry: Aestheticism and ingenuity substitute for moral reflection
- Satirical poetry: Satirical-burlesque compositions ranging from matters more severe to the most simple.
Seventeenth-century prose: Cervantes and Quixote
As a poet wrote ballads, as a playwright was unlucky, as the author of novels is considered the creator of the modern novel. Besides the Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote de la Mancha, wrote the Galatea is a pastoral novel or work of Byzantine novel and Segismunda Persiles. The most important are: the gypsy girl, Rinconetey Cortadillo o Licentiate.
The ingenious Don Quixote of La Mancha
This published in two parts, one in 1605 and again in 1615. Clear Book, spontaneous and natural, full of adventures and events, entertaining and profound.
THEMES:
- Critique of the books of chivalry.
- Confrontation between madness and reason.
- Mood.
- Struggle between man’s ideals and painful reality.
- Description and contrast between great human values.
- Description of a time.
Picaresque novel
Some features present in the Lazarillo:
- Autobiographical point of view.
- Origin of the protagonist of a low social status.
- Child or adolescent protagonist.
- Vagrancy.
- Hunger as a motive of all his actions.
Own different features that gave birth to the genre:
- Rogue lost the tenderness and innocence of Lazaro for being a trickster and thief.
- The element is more biting and satirical caricatures.
Picaresque novels most important:
- The life of the rogue Matthew Guzman German.
- Buscon Francisco de Quevedo.
INDICATIVE TIMES
PRESENT:
- Current (when coincides with the moment q is spoken: Here comes Peter).
- Habitual (q staple actions occur regularly: I teach economics).
- Durative (lasting action: lives in the house).
- Timeless (general varieties no relation with time: the earth revolves around the sun).
- Historico (d narratives past events: the Arabs in Spain in the fall siglo5).
- Anticipacion (value of future we leave d mñn cows).
- From mandate (to order something, you come with me!).
PRET.IMPERFECT:
- Courtesy (instead of this: Did you want something more?).
- Imaginative (baby talk: your bad and I were good).
- Conato (future action not done: now went out to get you).
- Contrariedad (using present value or future act mñn touched me, but has been suspended).
- Opening or closing (d a story: x finally reached the car and an hour later I was in bilbao ).
PRET.PERF.COMP (verb frames the notion of temporary en1unidad q pa still not over the issue: this mñn has bought a couple of novels.)
FUTURE PRINT: Not indicated the end of the action.
- Mandate (future value imperative mood: q haras what I say!).
- Probability (cm likely present action: today will be 10 years of that).
- Cortesia (Will please wait?).
- Concessive (will be high but not pretty).
- Pasad Historical (lepanto change the fate of Cervantes).
CONDITIONAL SINGLE: D ratio indicates future with past.
- Cortesia (would like to ask you another chance).
- Probability (would be 5 if appeared).
- Concessive (rain much, but we do not get wet).