Renaissance Music: Vocal and Instrumental Forms
Renaissance: Religious Vocal Music
The Renaissance period saw a division of the church. The following are the divisions:
- 1. The Lutheran Reformation: The Coral will be the hymn in his church. Simple to 4 voices in German text.
- 2. The Anglican Reformation: The Anthem will be his hymn in his church for 4 voices in English text.
- 3. Catholic Counter: Its hymn is Gregorian chant. Mass is a complex musical form. Liturgy joins the motet. The motet will be the most important text in Latin, which is a brief expression and eliminates the overlapping of different texts.
Vocal Music
Profane vocal music aims to reflect the expressive meaning of the text through different polyphony. Themes are the Man and his emotions. Forms include:
- The Madrigal: Italian vocal form a 4 or 5 voices. Polyphony.
- La Chanson: French vocal form of many voices. Polyphonic instrumental accompaniment. Descriptive character.
Instrumental Music
Instrumental music becomes independent of the song and begins to compose instrumental works specifically based on the adaptation of vocal and improvisation techniques and variation. There are 3 compositions:
- A) Adapted pieces of vocal music, such as ricercare, canzona.
- B) Parts based on improvisation, such as fantasia, toccata.
- C) Parts based on variation, which adds new things.
Instruments are classified according to their intensity:
- A) High Music: Powerful sound. Played outdoors.
- B) Low Music: Low intensity. Interpreted indoors. Favorites: lute and harp, organ and harpsichord.
The Dance
Widely accepted and instrumental. Contributions to music are two genres:
- 1. Dance Company:
- a) Pavan: Dimensional. Slow, ceremonious, 3 parts are repeated 2 times.
- b) The Galliard has animated most demanding choreography.
- 2. Dance Theater: From the ballet: is an art itself subject to some very stringent rules.
Renaissance in Spain
Spain assumes an even brighter phase of history, political and economic. The golden age of Spanish music.
Religious Vocal Music Features
- 1. Gregorian chant is the polyphony maintains.
- 2. More important the motet and mass.
Profane Vocal Music
The main forms are:
- A) The Romance: Lyrics stanza narrative. Homophonic. Themes related to society.
- The Carol: Homophonic chorus and verses with text. Topics of residents in the villages.
- The Salad: 4 or 5 voices, texts in a single composition, themes: descriptive passages and burlesque combined with serious issues.
Instrumental Music
It is characterized by improvisation and variation. Instruments: the guitar and organ.
Baroque
Profane Vocal Music
Renaissance. Still grown forms of the upper voice on the other, this is called accompanied monody, will be present in the instrumental role. The low continuo. The madrigal is one of the most representative of change.
Birth of Opera
Overture is structured, and interludes sung parts and evolving genre differentiating the two types of opera buffa and opera seria.
Types of Opera
- Opera Seria: Topics, heroic mythological in Italian.
- Opera Buffa: Themes based on the daily lives of people closest to the people and language of each country.
Religious Vocal Music
Born the major forms of the cantata, oratorio and passion. Mimic the grandeur of an opera and musical resources but are not staged. The Cantata: Profane is like a form of lyric-loving character, is a form composed for chorus and soloists formed by the succession of recitatives and arias. Oratorio: Opera oratorio religious themes introduces the figure of a narrator and reinforces the role of the chorus. The Passion: Item unique to the passion and death of Christ inspired by the gospels.