Rhetorical Devices and Journalistic Text Analysis
Figures of Speech
Alliteration: The repetition of one or more sounds to produce a particular sound effect.
Paronomasia: The proximity of words with similar sounds but different meanings.
Ellipsis: Suppression of any item that is understood.
Asyndeton: Consists of the removal of links.
Polysyndeton: Repeated conjunctions to connect multiple items.
Enumeration: Succession of interrelated elements.
Grading: Enumeration which follows a certain order.
Parallelism: Repeating the same or similar syntactic structures.
Chiasmus: Repeat structures in order not parallel (usually reverse).
Hyperbaton: Alteration of the logical order of the sentence.
Epithet: Use of the adjective to give poetic expression or connote.
Anaphora: Repetition of one or more elements at the beginning of several verses.
Apostrophe: Consists of directing exclamations or questions to animate or inanimate beings.
Rhetorical Interrogative: Questions that do not expect answers.
Antithesis: It consists in linking two words that oppose each other.
Oxymoron: Two terms are in apparent contradiction.
Paradox: A reasonable idea that is disguised to look like a contradiction.
Irony: Expression of the opposite of what is thought so that by the context, the receiver can recognize the true intention of the issuer.
Simile: Putting together two terms, one real and one imaginary, between which there is some resemblance.
Metaphor: The action of identifying a word with another. Replace one with a more expressive idea. If we take the comparison comparative link (Como ..) turned it into metaphor.
Hyperbole: Exaggeration.
Tautology: Adding words that reinforce without adding anything new or is the use of unnecessary words to highlight an idea or feeling.
Reluctance: Interruption of speech to give expression to suggest. If called transient suppression.
Personification: It consists of attributing human qualities to inanimate beings.
Synesthesia: Associated sensations perceived by the different senses.
Metonymy: Consists of designating something with another name, based on the ratio of their meanings.
Functions of Language
Expressive (issuing), calls (receiver), representative (referent), phatic (channel), poetic / aesthetic (message), metalinguistic (code).
Journalistic Texts
1. Characterization
1.1. Concept
Of mass media and power they have acquired.
1.2. Characteristics
Common and different.
2. The General Periodical
2.1. Conditions
“Prensa.-Revistas.-The newspaper of the 20th century.
2.2. Sources
“Own sources of medio.-Sources-Sources institucionales. Espontáneas.-Confidential and anonymous sources.
2.3. Structure of a Newspaper
- Front page (most important information):-Informative sections (international, sports, economy) .- Sections of opinion (editorial, article, column, letters) .- Pasatiempos.-Advertising last page .* (varied slightly).
2.4. Objectivity of the News
Manipulación.-Selection mechanisms (are prioritized some) .- Situation in the section and the page (odd, superior, central) .- Processing (extension, holders, angle).
2.5. Types of Journalistic Function
- Of informaciónprincipal periodico.-News story of something stuck in time, news reportage novedoso. Enlarged may appear subjetividad.-Interview to obtain information and profile information to expert in the subject in question.
- Review: “editorial.-Article or columna.-Letters to the editor.
- Hybrid: “cronica.-Critical.
Story Structure
- Titular.-Antititulo, title, subtitle heading .* .* .* Source body (descending order) in order to restructure.