Social Work Intervention: A Holistic Approach
An activity often leads to only managing the rooting of passivity among customers, who see workers as mere consequences. To overcome this encystment, one must transcend the role: manager-educator developing interdisciplinary groups that will move us to a holistic understanding of reality in which social work takes place. One must also address more specific aspects of the social achievements (micro-level). The interpretation of this interaction between macro and micro social levels determines the social problem we give up to make the theoretical framework of other sciences (psychology, sociology, economics, education…).
Do not leave out the dichotomy of the professional approach and scientific method, and achieve a balance between the two parties, not to forget the scientific nor the direct link. This dichotomy stems from the idea of a reality researcher distanced from analysis.
The uniqueness of social work is that a key part of the diagnosis has to be drawn from an interpretation of the social situation, also from the uniqueness of the phenomena we observe. The interaction and participation make it possible to achieve a more complex picture and adjusted interpretive knowledge.
By applying this technique, we were able to:
- Better define the problem.
- Identify factors that have more weight in the production or reproduction of the problem by identifying the interactions in the context of the situation, contribute to the marginalization.
- Identify positive and negative factors that contextualize.
Consider the situation facing the transformation project.
In the evaluation phase, applying the scientific method to investigate the action through an analysis of the baseline situation, the context, process, and outcome is essential. The collection of information must be systematic and rigorous.
The selection of scientific techniques is to fit the cognitive recognition of pluralism and the multiplicity of objects. It will avoid the indiscriminate application of positivism and empiricism, falling into a simpleton.
The methods are limited in number and common to most Social Sciences, a group that Social Work aspires to join.
Review of Traditional Methods: Case, Group, and Community
Method of Cases
Also called an individual case. It refers to assistance provided to that level and has its origins in the actions of European charities. It was systematized for the first time by Mary Richmond. What is Social Case Work? will be the first individual to approach the problem within the context of the everyday life of the person concerned.
The sociological approach will be quickly displaced by the psychological approach, given the enormous strength of the theories of Freud from the 1920s. The interpretation of the problems was based on psychological and emotional disorders. Thus the work of the Social Worker is markedly therapeutic in volume. In the 1930s, attention would turn to shifting economic and social factors that will make social action oriented towards the family. But the prevailing approach in the case method is distinctly psychological, and depending on the mainstream, there will be more emphasis on psychoanalytic components, behavioral, or communication-interaction models.
The type of surgery is usually performed as an intervention in situations of marginality and considers the individual as subject and object of the action. It takes you to the recognition and analysis of the situation so that it can provide solutions to problems. In the following cases, they usually begin with an interview request and no other meeting in the center or at home to facilitate interpretation and diagnosis set. The interview type is usually open, but as they occur, subsequent interviews are becoming a systematic analysis of the observed, semi-structured interviewing, and knowing family relationships more thoroughly, family, education surrounding the affected, and so better able to complete the work.
Method of Cases
Also called an individual case. It refers to assistance provided to that level and has its origins in the actions of European charities. It was systematized for the first time by Mary Richmond. What is Social Case Work? will be the first individual to approach the problem within the context of the everyday life of the person concerned.
The sociological approach will be quickly displaced by the psychological approach, given the enormous strength of the theories of Freud from the 1920s. The interpretation of the problems was based on psychological and emotional disorders. Thus the work of the Social Worker is markedly therapeutic in volume. In the 1930s, attention would turn to shifting economic and social factors that will make social action oriented towards the family. But the prevailing approach in the case method is distinctly psychological, and depending on the mainstream, there will be more emphasis on psychoanalytic components, behavioral, or communication-interaction models.
The type of surgery is usually performed as an intervention in situations of marginality and considers the individual as subject and object of the action. It takes you to the recognition and analysis of the situation so that it can provide solutions to problems. In the following cases, they usually begin with an interview request and no other meeting in the center or at home to facilitate interpretation and diagnosis set. The interview type is usually open, but as they occur, subsequent interviews are becoming a systematic analysis of the observed, semi-structured interviewing, and knowing family relationships more thoroughly, family, education surrounding the affected, and so better able to complete the work.
Group Method
While the individual remains the subject targeted in the intervention, the group becomes a means and context to help transform the individual’s interactions with their social set more nearly at the micro-level. The definition of a group as a group of people who spend time together, recognize themselves as members of the group, and are recognized as such by individuals outside defines its importance in its influence on each of its components and that among them, there is commitment and loyalty that exceeds the space and time they are together.