Societal Norms and Inequalities: A Sociological Analysis of Family, Gender, and Incarceration

Societal Norms and Inequalities

A Sociological Analysis of Family, Gender, and Incarceration

Article Reviews

This paper reviews the following articles: How History and Sociology Can Help Today’s Families by Stephanie Coontz, An American Seduction: Portrait of a Prison Town by Joelle Boswell, and Fraternities and Collegiate Rape Culture: Why Are Some Fraternities More Dangerous Places for Women? by Ayres Fraser.

An American Seduction by Joelle Boswell

Boswell’s article explores various sociological issues and concepts, including social structure and the factors contributing to differences in social class, status, and power. These factors encompass economic, political, and social dimensions. Boswell argues that attitudes towards sexuality and rape have a social basis, with men and women actively creating and recreating feminine and masculine identities. The concept of identity formation and how it is shaped by society is central to the article. Boswell highlights the unequal opportunities and rewards between genders, with males occupying a more powerful position, reflecting social inequality. This is captured by the observation that while society reinforces male sexual aggressiveness, women who express sexual enjoyment are often labeled negatively. Such double standards shape the potential for rape incidents.

How History and Sociology Can Help Today’s Families by Stephanie Coontz

Coontz’s article emphasizes the role of social contexts in explaining family issues. The author argues that relationships between men and women, and between parents and children, can be understood through sociological and historical perspectives. Social contexts significantly shape these relationships. For example, teen conflicts and suicide can be linked to a lack of meaningful opportunities, placing such issues within social and economic contexts. While prior generations had clearer paths to adult independence through job opportunities, current generations face greater challenges, leading to increased conflict. The social construction of gender differences and its contribution to gender inequalities is also discussed. Women dissatisfied with household chores may find it difficult to negotiate with their husbands due to societal restrictions. The risks of marital breakdown and the potential social and economic consequences can deter women from seeking greater equality within the home.

Fraternities and Collegiate Rape Culture by Ayres Fraser

Fraser’s article examines sociological issues such as race and class inequality, and the role of economic position in shaping individual progress. The article highlights how societal changes influence individual lives. For instance, the construction of prison facilities has a significant impact on the social fabric and individual experiences. The author also explores how occupations can affect personal lives.

Common Sociological Themes

The three articles share common sociological themes and highlight key issues. They demonstrate how societal norms are shaped and disseminated within communities. Coontz emphasizes how the relative lack of economic and social power for disadvantaged women contributes to their challenges in demanding gender equality. Boswell illustrates how the social construction of gender contributes to male sexual aggressiveness. The position of men and women in society is further shaped by societal norms, often set by the most powerful groups. Fraser captures how these powerful groups shape norms, as seen in the control prison staff exert over the norms within the prison environment. The articles also highlight how social class, culture, gender, income, race, values, and beliefs contribute to and shape relationships and inequalities.

ips and inequalities.