Spanish Colonial Era: Finances & Administration in India
The Colonial Era
The distant land of India had a very important role in international politics developed by the Spanish monarchy, a policy that was guided by the Catholic faith. The riches of the conquered territories were the main financial support of large Spanish companies.
Thus, New Spain realized the emperor sent his effort and money for the war.
The performance of this company required a wealth of materials and thus created a sufficient financial organization, indicating that the farm was one of the four subjects of government.
The administrative organization of the Estate Indiana was not uniform during the colonial period, however, it saw the features of the administrative bodies of the estate during the seventeenth century.
Originally the ranch was named after real estate, since according to the legal test of time, it embodied the sovereign state and therefore was at the property belonged to whom the assets of the territory. Consequently, there was a supreme power that was the king, in all matters relating to the physical, there was also a confusion between the property taxes and private.
The centralization of finance is easily explained by the Spanish absolute monarchy, being more a facet of centralization of all functions of government in the person of the king, who will be assisted by his secretaries and members of various councils.
The autonomy of individual managers was that the royal officials who administered the royal coffers were not any dependency between them even with the viceregal capital or government because their relationship was directly with the real power.
It is worth mentioning that this autonomy only operated in the so-called retail management, as over tax districts was in the person of the viceroy whose responsibility the administration wholesale.
The homogeneity of the system derives from the fact that the intense legislative activity that required the development of the financial organization had its origins in the crown and although there were different directions all must be approved by the king.
Overall, the Indian tax system derived from that of Castile and had a large income that came from indigenous revenue taxation systems of the new territories, the organization was to direct administration by royal officials.
A) The Central Administration
The administrative system in which rest the Indian organization finances lay in the higher bodies that formed the central government were, the monarch and the Indian council, and the home side modes of recruitment of Seville and the board of finance.
These bodies coexisted with officials who resided in New Spain and other conquered territories.
1. The Monarch
The king had, in his capacity as an absolute ruler, absolute powers in terms of finances, and while delegating much of the administration, that is to say, which meant the direction and momentum of the estate, in other governing bodies administration or government authorities representing him in the new territories, reserves, however certain powers.
And retains the right to establish the system of mining, which would be to point out the real crop enterprises from the fiscal point of view as it may decide to impose taxes or to transfer part of the revenues from these.
Once that area bounded direct participation of the king continued to be important especially in the setting of the costs of material wealth, at this point set the salaries of individual staff whose amount could only be amended by royal decree. Moreover prohibiting the granting of cash grants without permission while spending authority required.
The king’s personal activity included the appointment of officers, i.e. permanent and new creations of new taxes in India or the amendment of tax officials.
Since the beginning of the period of conquest, the Castilian monarch enjoyed absolute power, and his decisions were final. This happens whenever the project financing of conquest of America is held by the Crown of Castile and Leon. The Crown of Aragon did not have much interest in the company. During the reign of King Emperor Charles I of Spain and V of the Holy Roman Empire operated the merger between the two kingdoms. The King appointed the civilian ministers, military, and religious throughout his Hispanic dominions.