Spanish Theater: Mid-20th Century to Late 20th Century
1.Year 50: – The comedy will be dominant, characterized by its careful construction and intrigue, and the alternation of humor with sentimentality. Their topics are: marriage, jealousy, infidelity … But generally with a final-feliz. Theatre humorous drama
Jardial continuous renewing and developing the imagincaion, wit, fantasy and absurdity, writes “The thieves are people honored. ” Miguel Mihura type “three hats” with great drama and wit and a disillusioned view of life. Alfonso Paso rotates between the melodrama and humor inconsequential conformist characterized by intrigue and easy Epoca .- reactionary ideology of realism, comes a more critical and restless public, generally the works do not go beyond the 1st representation. Facing those who are willing to show and increase his criticism by allusions, winks … Against those who want to express freely despite censorship. ABVallejo highlight of which will be discussed later, and Alfonso Sastre: its 1AS works away from the convention, shows that there is unjust power over people and shows their influence existentialist. Write “William Tell has sad eyes, looking in his last works tragic tragedies with humor and irony,” Blood and ashes “and the terrifying in” terror exercises “.- Other realistic as L. Olmo connects social drama the farce, with grotesque Arniches tradition. Create “The Shirt” a miserable life drama of workers who have to migrate .- Jose Martin Recalls have a desire for innovation, environment places in Andalucia and tragic conflict with expressionist features to highlight the rebelliousness of the characters. / / 2.A FROM THE 60 AND 70: – The comedy of the 60 reaches a broad audience with difficulties, as authors seek Mihura Paso or humor, comedy by the pun. Antonio Gala creates his 1st book “The green fields of Eden” and is based on the theme of the Civil War with a dramatic near ABVallejo in “November and a bit of grass” .- combines experimental theater and the renewal of social purpose stage is defined mainly by their opposition to the realists. They are very important special effects, costumes, makeup, seeking union with the public. Its theme is the social and political denunciation of the Franco regime, lack of freedom and the new consumer society. Use language and ironic-Nieva simbolista. Theater creates a surrealist, fantastic and imaginative works are divided into “Theater of chronic stamp” realistic aesthetics, “Theater of farce and calamity” breaks with the logic and uses a magical language and “Teatro furious” extremists seeking to convey non-organized ideological content and release of subconsciente.-Fernando Arrabal uses imagination, naive and childish language, elements surrealists … Panic later create theater that mixes the absurd with the historical avant and seeks espectador.-provoking independent theaters, Goliardos, horsefly, quart23, noon … Become popular, they represent some of the works of social realism and experimental theater, for example Castañuela70 Tabano group reached major success. / / 3ULTIMO THEATRE: after the dictatorship and censorship in order to regain access to authors of exile, although they are more successful than groups that are still in experimental theater with institutional support, are changing to alternative venues … But the theater is no longer the spectacle par excellence innovations have not been found for this audience. One of the great authors Gala, creates “Rings for a Lady,” “The cemetery of the birds”, “Samarkand” … Characterized by an easy and symbolist poetic tone that tends to moralize.His language is very careful. F. Nieva follows the experimental theater, Miguel Romero is breaking with the conventional, extends their works and uses language carefully and Baroque. Jose Maria Bellido simbolicas.-theater works composed text for the new times: Sanchis Sinisterra of classical texts and historical dramas created located at different times, “odds and ends or lice and actors,” “Ay Carmela!”. Alonso de Santos mix of both classic parody, his success: “The shopkeeper of Vallecas” with colloquial language, satirical and humorous.
Antonio Buero Vallejo: Take a symbolic value to their work and defend human dignity, freedom, justice, truth … His characters have physical limitations, are transformed and distinguish two types of assets without scruples, selfish and cruel but not bad and the contemplative anxious to live in a closed universe, despite its limitations the impossible dream, are characters of flesh and blood, despite the symbolism. The main themes are loneliness, love, happiness, hypocrisy, freedom … Always with the intention of social criticism. We distinguish three stages: – Epoca existential “Historia de una escalera” which will be discussed later, “Today is a holiday,” “In the hot darkness,” “the cards face down” where it joins poesía.-realism and social Theater : write historical dramas “A dreamer for the people” which shows the intention of reforming Esquilache, “Las Meninas”, “The Sleep of Reason on goya” and contemporary works as “skylight” in which Civil War has marking shows that without reflection can not be reached last nada.-Teatro: where you try introducing the viewer to experience blindness, insanity, deafness … Most important features: the concern for work well done and the language.
“Historia de una escalera” is an analysis of the unjust society, lying and violence. It is structured in three acts in which the characters discuss and dialogue with the narrator’s interruption, are separated by 10 years each. The approach begins with Discussion and new love relationships where it appears and even frustration. In the knot disappear some relations with deaths and more frustrations. In the end there are new characters with more Discussion and endless frustrations. The subject on which turns the play is the immobility of sistema.-main characters are: Carmina, Fernando, Carmina daughter, son Fernando, and Urban Elvira, and secondary: Generous, Paca, Doña Asuncion, Trini … – The play takes on the ladder, a symbol of the different classes and symbol of cage. It takes place after the Civil War and the staircase remains untouched forever. The narrator’s language is learned while the protagonists is colloquial and even vulgar.