Spirituality, Religion, and Death: Exploring the Experiences of Families Facing Chronic Illness
1. Spirituality Set?
Spirituality could be defined as a human propensity to seek meaning in life through concepts that go beyond the tangible: a sense of connection to something greater than yourself, which may or may not include formal religious participation.
It has to do with the deeper sense that life is not complete alone. It is the search for the mystery of human existence.
2. Define Religion?
Religion is used more in the direction of institutionalization, though it is a space for the pursuit of spirituality.
3. How Can Religion Promote Health?
Religion can promote health by encouraging healthy habits and attitudes that discourage harmful behaviors.
4. Article Religion and spirituality: the experience of families of children with chronic renal failure, the authors cite a study saying that spirituality is not valued by many nurses. What results were used to emphasize this statement?
This study presents results that are not subject to generalizations. In case studies, research participants are selected because they experience a particular experience, in this case, the support of religion and spirituality in the family that takes care of a child with chronic renal failure. Children are under treatment in the same service and receive professional care from the same team. What can be generalized from this study is that it alerts nurses to the need for careful assessment of spirituality and religious practices of the families under their care.
5. What implications should be part of the actions of nurses in spiritual care?
Spiritual care is a challenge for nurses. Their role in the spiritual care of the family involves being present to listen to the needs of the family and respect their beliefs and values. One of the most important aspects is the need for communication between family members and nurses about this theme.
6. Article Religion and spirituality: the experience of families of children with chronic renal failure which the authors found the expression: – Wow, I think a lot, so in God, you know? He can heal my daughter, if he chooses. My mother and I asked this a lot to God, to heal my daughter (Mother2).
In Family2, we note that for the mother, God is the hope of curing the disease.
7. The fact that the patient (Mother2) associated with the death (suicide attempt) of her husband?
And her father was very close, was not an absent father. He was very affectionate with her [referring to the sick child]. It [referring to Pai2] was depressed because he did not believe in God, right? He [referring to Pai2] entered a terrible depression, then killed himself when she [referring to the sick child] was seven months (Mother2).
8.How do the authors find the involvement of the church with the families of the aforementioned study?
What church are more support and strength in the cure of diseases of their children.
9. Article Children with cancer and their families, the authors describe the impact of childhood cancer in the family system. What were the problems cited?
Families and children are facing problems such as long periods of hospitalization, readmissions frequent, aggressive therapy with serious effects and reactions arising from the treatment itself, difficulties for the separation of family members during the admissions, business interruption daily, limited understanding of the diagnosis, financial inadequacy, anxiety, pain, suffering and the constant fear of the possibility of death.
10. The theme: the adaptation process and strategies used by parents on the disease, the authors cited a Chinese study on the adaptation process of parents in childhood cancer. Mention some stages make up this process.
Pre-diagnosis, the diagnosis itself, the time of reorganization and restructuring family, the exacerbation of symptoms, the periods of hospitalization, the need to learn skills to cope with the disease and the taking decision due to any change in the route of the disease.
11.No matter: the process of loss and grief concerning the death of the child, which results are demonstrated by studies cited by the authors?
The review showed that nursing is building a knowledge base on specific needs individual, cultural and regional families of children with cancer to an audience of nursing care that considers according to the uniqueness of each case.
12.Qual was the conception of death in the materialist view of the Enlightenment philosophers of the eighteenth century?
Death is the end total and absolute, is nothing more than to interrupt a neurophysiological process, merely a biological event.
13.The death is on?
Death on – stop of the respiratory, circulatory and / or nervous, may be resuscitated with reverts.
14.The death is absolute?
Absolute death – the definitive disappearance of biological activities (there is no way to reverse this process).
15.Segundo Kübler Ross, what are the stages of loss?
Place 5 stages for the loss:
– Denial: must be a mistake
– Rabies is not fair
– Bargain: at least I can …
– Depression: the person regrets everything that will lose by death
– Acceptance: detachment phase, marked by distance and painlessly
16.No process of loss mechanism that families can take as self protection?
The danger of stages models is that they, appearing to be very linear, are joined by lay people without the necessary caveats that:
not all phases occur with all people;
it is possible that a person in this process regression to earlier stages;
some stages may be experienced simultaneously.
17.Como can be set to mourn?
Grief can be defined as a set of emotional, physical, behavioral and social responses that appear in response to a loss – a loss is real or fanciful (a fear of losing) and is a loss by death, or the cessation / reduction of a function, possibility or opportunity.
18.Quais stages of grief?
For Bowlby (1985), are four stages of grief:
-phase of slumber, in which the person has, the immediate reaction, shock, being unable to accept the news of the loss;
-phase of yearning and search for the lost person, when the mourner experiences feelings of concrete presence of deceased loved one, and anger, for failing to restore the broken link;
-phase of disorganization and despair, due to the mourner can not revive the dead, which can cause a person to become depressed or apathetic;
-phase of greater or lesser degree of reorganization, when there is a gradual acceptance of loss, with the perception that it is necessary to rebuild their lives.
19.The it is necessary to complete the grieving process?
RAIMBAULT (1979): to make the process of mourning is necessary:
– A de-identification and a shutdown of feelings toward the dead;
– Acceptance of the inevitability of death;
– When possible, find a replacement for the libido divested.
20.The is pathological mourning / trauma?
Grief is the impossibility of experiencing the situation properly. It would be a denial of reality. There is a blockade, more than a break. The person is tied to it, can not continue the day to day. If alive, is to live. If something is disturbing, we must solve.
21.Qual the difference between chronic grief and mourning inhibited?
Chronic grief: there is a disability (over several years) to accept the loss, chronic hopelessness is a striking symptom, and the life history of the bereaved will reveal that there was high degree of emotional dependency towards being lost.
Mourning inhibited: the necessary emotional expression does not start and the individual does not move toward an active development of their grief.
In both, the result is that the individual ceases to reconstruct their world view with the absence of the loved one, can not invest your capacity to love other people and is, to varying degrees, stalled for a productive life towards occupational and relational .
22 is active euthanasia?
Active euthanasia: the deliberate act of causing death without the patient’s suffering, for merciful purposes.
23.The which is indirect or passive euthanasia?
Indirect or passive euthanasia: the patient’s death occurs within the end-of-one, or why not start a medical action or by the interruption of an extraordinary measure aimed at alleviating suffering.
24.The is orthothanasia?
It is the correct action in the face of death. It is the right approach in a patient who is dying. The orthothanasia can thus be confused with the meaning originally given to the word euthanasia. The orthothanasia may be involved if it were a term widely adopted, appropriate palliative care provided to patients in the final moments of their lives.
25 is futility?
The futility (from the Greek ‘dys’, evil, evil thing done, and”thanato”, death) is etymologically the opposite of orthothanasia. Is to delay as much as possible the moment of death by any means, provided or not, although there is no hope of cure, and even if it means inflicting additional suffering to the dying and that is obviously not able to remove the inevitable death, but only delay it a few hours or days in deplorable conditions for the sick. The futility is also called”intensification therapy ‘, although it is more correct to call i” aggressive therapy”.
26.Segundo Ballone, which means the institutionalization of death?
The goal of Palliative Medicine is the concern with the institutionalization of death, giving the patient the choice to stay at home during his agony.
27.Quais are the characteristics of terminal illness?
1. Presence of a disease in an advanced stage, progressive and incurable.
2. Lack of a reasonable chance of response to treatment.
3. Presence of many problems or symptoms of severe, multiple, multiple and alternates.
4. Great emotional impact (on patient and family) related to the presence or possibility of death disputed.
5. Forecast life less than 6 months.