SQL and Relational Database Concepts Assessment

Posted on Mar 31, 2025 in Commercialization and Logistics

SQL and Database Concepts Questions

  1. Which of the following will fix one of the issues with the SQL statement in Figure 1a?
    1. StudentID, CRN AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
    2. PRIMARY KEY (StudentID)
    3. FOREIGN KEY (StudentNum) REFERENCES Housing (DormNum)
    4. (StudentID) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
    5. DELETE TABLE Students
  2. Which of the following is true about Figure 3?
    1. The tables have too many primary keys (PKs)
    2. It uses Chen’s notation
    3. It uses SQL, not ANSI
    4. It uses Crow’s Foot notation
    5. It is a Database Management System (DBMS)
  3. In Figure 4, the Age element is represented as a(n):
    1. Composite Entity
    2. Multi-valued Attribute
    3. Composite Attribute
    4. Derived Attribute
    5. Option
  4. While entity and attribute names may appear in ERDs, attribute values should never show up. TRUE
  5. A data type describes:
    1. The logical entities in the database
    2. The values a field can take on
    3. The maximum number of records in a database
    4. Physical data
    5. The logical data model
  6. SQL commands used to create or change data structures are part of the Data … Language:
    1. Modeling
    2. Manipulation (DML)
    3. Integrity
    4. Definition (DDL)
    5. Control (DCL)
  7. In Figure 2, which table does not contain a foreign key?
    1. Period
    2. Period_by_year
    3. Rpt_maintenance_kpi
    4. None of the tables have a foreign key
  8. SQL stands for:
    1. Structured Query Language
  9. The minimum number of occurrences of an entity in a relationship is:
    1. Ordinality
    2. Cardinality
  10. Any set of symbols and characters used to model data is known as a(n):
    1. Notation
  11. According to Figure 4, a Student’s Address is:
    1. Multicomposite
    2. Supervalued
    3. Unique
    4. Composite
    5. Multivalued
  12. The maximum number of instances of an entity in a relationship is known as:
    1. Ordinality
    2. Cardinality
  13. The following will fix one of the problems with Figure 1a:
    1. FOREIGN KEY (StudentID) REFERENCES Housing (StudentNumber)
  14. The reason quotes are needed around ‘PA’ in Figure 1d is:
    1. If you don’t use them, you have to spell Pennsylvania
    2. It is not a primary key
    3. It is a primary key
    4. It is a text/string/character field
    5. It is not unique
  15. In Figure 1d, data from these attributes will appear in the resulting table:
    1. Member location
    2. How many left swipes member got
    3. Location in PA of each member
    4. All Tinder members
  16. Which of the following would fix the query in Figure 1b?
    1. Table names should be uppercase
    2. Replace ‘*’ with ALL
    3. Put ‘La Perla’ in quotes
    4. Replace ‘*’ with ‘?’
    5. Specify which field must be used
  17. What is a foreign key for?
    1. To establish entity relationships
  18. ERDs show how:
    1. SQL is formed
    2. Data is stored on disk
    3. Entities are associated with each other
    4. DBMS interprets queries, whether SQL or QBE
  19. How many primary keys are there in Figure 2?
    1. Three
  20. An ERD is first and foremost a(n):
    1. 4GL (Fourth-Generation Language)
    2. Model
    3. Command
    4. DBMS (Database Management System)
    5. Query
  21. Single attributes made up of several data components (e.g., a single Customer Address) are known as:
    1. Weak
    2. Multivalued
    3. Optional
    4. Foreign
    5. Composite
  22. A well-formed SQL command must end in:
    1. . (period)
    2. : (colon)
    3. ; (semicolon)
    4. ? (question mark)
    5. * (asterisk)
  23. SQL commands used to set user privileges are part of the Data … Language:
    1. Control (DCL)
    2. Definition (DDL)
    3. Link
    4. Manipulation (DML)
    5. Integrity
  24. SQL is …, though GUIs do exist:
    1. Object-oriented
    2. Proprietary
    3. Menu-based
    4. Command-based
    5. A DBMS
  25. The set of attributes which uniquely identify a single record in a table is a(n):
    1. Composite key
    2. Natural key
    3. Primary key
    4. Master key
    5. Foreign key
  26. If ANSI SQL is a standard, why do things like PL/SQL, T-SQL, and PostgreSQL exist?
    1. Fake news…
    2. They are development licenses only
    3. They are SQL versions specific to Big Data
    4. They include proprietary extensions
    5. They reflect the development history of the logical data model
  27. A field used as a primary key (PK) in one table (parent) and which appears in another (child), whether as a PK or not, is known as a(n):
    1. Ordinality
    2. Functional dependence
    3. Cardinality
    4. Foreign key
    5. Composite
  28. In a Relational Database (RDB), a relation is also known as a(n):
    1. Ordinality
    2. Table
    3. Cardinality
    4. Attribute
    5. Entity
  29. Composite primary keys:
    1. Are not necessary
    2. Have multiple columns
    3. Are always foreign
    4. Need to be avoided
    5. Are made of a single column
  30. Commercial and open-source DBMS are free to … the ANSI SQL standard:
    1. Reassign meaning to
    2. Claim ownership of
    3. Reinvent
    4. Extend
    5. Change
  31. In MS Access, this character is used as a wildcard to match any number of characters:
    1. * (asterisk)
  32. In Figure 3, which of these is an incorrect interpretation of the ERD?
    1. An Invoice belongs to one and only one customer
    2. An invoice line describes one and only one product
    3. An invoice line is found in one and only one invoice
    4. A Vendor carries one and only one product
    5. A customer may have zero or many invoices
  33. A system-generated attribute generally:
    1. Exists outside the context of the database environment using it
    2. Creates a foreign key for all tables
    3. Turns a foreign key into a composite key
    4. Is created and managed by the DBMS
    5. Is messy
  34. A command issued in MySQL may not run well in an Oracle database because of:
    1. Servers and data
    2. Different SQL extensions
  35. An attribute that has a single value is known as a(n):
    1. Atomic
    2. Ordinal
    3. Cardinal
    4. Composite
    5. Compound
  36. SQL commands which help end users view or change data contents are part of the Data … Language:
    1. Definition (DDL)
    2. Manipulation (DML)
    3. Link
    4. Integrity
    5. Control (DCL)
  37. SQL commands in use by the DBMS which cannot be used to name database objects are known as:
    1. Extensions
    2. Clauses
    3. Reserved words
    4. Operators
    5. Queries
  38. The query in Figure 1c would successfully return the following data: Employee IDs for the last names starting with M.
  39. In MS Access, this character is used as a wildcard to match any one character:
    1. ? (question mark)
  40. Which of the following is correct regarding Figure 3? An Invoice Line describes a single Product.
  41. In Figure 4, which of these elements is a multivalued attribute?
    1. Age
    2. Email
    3. Address
    4. StudentID
    5. Major
  42. In Figure 4, StudentID is a(n): Primary Key.
  43. Since a primary key (PK) is a set of columns, it can have:
    1. Only one column
    2. Several rows
    3. Foreign attributes
    4. Several columns
    5. As many columns as there are tables
  44. SQL is many things except a(n):
    1. International standard
    2. 4GL (Fourth-Generation Language)
    3. GUI (Graphical User Interface)
    4. Programming language
    5. Part of most DBMS
  45. The minimum and maximum number of entities in any relation, shown together, are represented on a(n): ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram).
  46. In Figure 2, all foreign keys (FKs) have been defined properly since we can see:
    1. Little lines
    2. Several tables
    3. Golden key icons
    4. Modalities (relationship symbols)
    5. All attributes
  47. How many primary keys (PKs) are in Figure 3c? Five.
  48. Attributes which have only a single value and do not have multiple components are known as:
    1. Atomic
  49. A table can have more than one of any of these, except for:
    1. Records
    2. Candidate keys
    3. Foreign keys
    4. Primary keys
    5. Fields
  50. The output of the query below would be:
    1. The entire contents of the surveys table
    2. Everything about chipmunks on or after year 2000
    3. All chipmunks born after the year 2000
    4. Everything about chipmunks after the year 2000
    5. It is not possible to tell