Essential English Grammar Structures and Vocabulary
English Verb Tenses: Structure and Usage
Present Simple: I sing
- Affirmative (AFF): Subject + Verb (infinitive form).
- Negative (NEG): Subject + do/does + not + Verb (infinitive).
- Interrogative (INT): Do/Does + Subject + Verb (infinitive)?
Third Person Singular Rules (He, She, It)
- If the subject is third person singular, add -s.
- If the verb ends in -o, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x, -z, add -es.
- If the verb ends in -y preceded by a consonant, change -y to -ies.
Present Continuous: I am dancing
- AFF: Subject + am/are/is
Mastering Formal Letter Writing and Key English Idioms
Formal Business Letter Template and Structure
1. Sender’s Contact Information
[Your Full Name]
[Your Street Address]
[Your City, Post Code]
[Your Email Address]
[Your Phone Number]
2. Date
[Date – e.g., 27 November 2025]
3. Recipient’s Contact Information
[Recipient’s Full Name (if known) or Job Title]
[Recipient’s Company Name]
[Recipient’s Street Address]
[Recipient’s City, Post Code]
4. Salutation
Dear [Mr./Ms. Last Name / Sir or Madam],
5. Introduction
I am writing to you today regarding [State the
Read MoreBusiness Communication & Language Practice
New Till Software Implementation: Key Advantages
Good morning everyone and welcome. My name is Peter Flintstone and I’m here to talk to you about the new software for the tills that the company is going to use as of now. As you know, we are currently using very old software which is causing us a lot of problems, especially with stock control and maintaining correct financial records. As of next week, we’re going to use a new system which will avoid all these problems.
The new system has three
Read MoreBusiness Communication Samples: Emails and Promotional Materials
Email Sample 1: Urgent Shipping Delay Complaint
Subject: Our Shipment to Singapore – 2891/53
To: Maggie Tyler
From: Tim Gilbert, Head of Shipping, Whizz Electronics
Dear Mrs. Tyler,
As you know, your company arranged the shipping of one container from Harwich to Singapore for our company. According to the shipping documents, the container was sent on June 7th on the vessel Valiant. The Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) in the port of discharge was July 19th. However, it is now July 22nd, and our clients
Read MoreMastering Professional and Casual Job Announcement Emails
Professional Email: Announcing a New Job Role
Subject: Exciting News – New Job Opportunity
Dear Jonathan,
I hope this email finds you well. I wanted to take a moment to share some exciting professional news with you. I have recently accepted a position as Marketing Director at a leading tech company headquartered downtown. It’s a big step forward in my career, and I’m thrilled about the opportunity to lead the department and introduce new plans for digital and traditional marketing strategies.
Read MoreEssential English Verb Tenses and Modal Verbs Reference
English Verb Tenses: Structures and Time Markers
Present Simple
Used for habits, facts, and scheduled events.
Common Time Expressions (Adverbs of Frequency)
- ALWAYS, USUALLY, GENERALLY, REGULARLY, OCCASIONALLY, FREQUENTLY, OFTEN, SOMETIMES, RARELY, SELDOM, NEVER.
- AT 1 O’CLOCK, AT NIGHT, IN THE MORNING, ON FRIDAYS, EVERY WEEK, ONCE A MONTH, HOW OFTEN…?
Present Continuous
Structure: (AM/IS/ARE + V-ING)
Example: AM SINGING / AM NOT SINGING / AM I SINGING?
Time Markers
- NOW, RIGHT NOW, AT THE MOMENT, AT PRESENT,