19th-Century Theater & Realism in Literature
Romantic Drama in the 19th Century
Features
Romantic drama theaters in the 19th century underwent a remarkable transformation. Theater buildings became more pleasant and functional, allowing for technical improvements in lighting, scenery changes, and sound.
Romantic dramas broke with the Aristotelian rules of theater imposed by neoclassical dramatists, prioritizing creative freedom. Key features include:
- Rejection of traditional rules: Mixing comic and tragic genres, and using both prose and verse
Core Principles of Social Work
Fundamental Principles
Tuerlinckx BIESTEK
These principles address people’s basic needs:
- Individualization: Treat each person as unique.
- Acceptance: Acknowledge and validate expressed feelings.
- Self-Determination: Support the right to make personal choices.
- Respect: Maintain privacy and avoid judgment.
Individualization
This principle recognizes the unique value of each person, including their identity, idiosyncrasies, and distinct experiences. Individualization is a right and a professional necessity.
Professional
Read MoreArt Techniques Glossary: From Acrylic to Woodcut
Acrylic
Painting technique using pigment made from plastic (polyester) mixed with latex. Acrylic colors are opaque and quick-drying, offering smooth, bright, and luminous surfaces.
Watercolor
Painting technique on paper or cardboard, characterized by transparency. Pigment is diluted in water and bound with a soft gum, such as gum arabic. White is achieved through the transparency of the paper.
Airbrush
Apparatus using compressed air to spray paint or varnish on canvas, boards, cards, etc.
Binder
Ingredient
Read MoreRealism and Naturalism in Literature
Realism
Realism, an art movement influenced by positivism, emerged as a reaction against Romanticism. It aimed to depict reality accurately, focusing on everyday life and social issues. Key influences include:
- Positivism: Emphasizes empirical observation and experience as the basis of knowledge.
- Evolutionism: Highlights natural selection and the struggle for existence.
- Marxism: Analyzes societal structures and class struggles.
Features of Realism
- Faithful reproduction of life and society.
- Objective narration
Spanish Literary Movements: Novecento and Avant-Garde
Novecento: The Generation of 1914
Novecento opposed everything from the previous century. Key figures include Ortega y Gasset, Azaña, Marañón, and Pérez de Ayala. Also known as the Generation of 1914, coinciding with World War I. Artists were professionals (philosophers, scientists, linguists). Key features:
- Rationalism: Objective analysis and clarity, rejecting Modernist irrationalism.
- Anti-romanticism: Preference for the classic over the sentimental.
- Pure Art: Art for aesthetic pleasure, not personal
Monet & Cézanne: Impressionism to Neo-Impressionism
Impression, Sunrise
Author: Oscar Claude Monet
Date: 1872
Museum: Museum of Paris Marmottan
Features: 47 x 64 cm
Material: Oil on canvas
Style: Impressionism
In 19th-century France, the official channel for painters was the Paris Motor Show, linked to the School of Fine Arts. A prestigious jury selected the submitted works. The 1863 scandal, sparked by Manet’s Breakfast on the Grass, led to the creation of the Salon des Refusés, which gained popularity among young artists seeking to exhibit modern works.
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