The Old Regime and Baroque Art in Spain: 15th-18th Centuries
The Old Regime and the Baroque
1. The Absolute Monarchy
The Old Regime is a system that characterizes the economy, politics, society, and European culture between the 15th and 18th centuries, though its fullness is attained in the 17th century.
Characteristics:
- Economy based on agriculture and livestock, subject to the cycles of nature.
- Capitalist system as complementary, resulting from a resurgence of trade. A new social group emerges: the bourgeoisie.
- Society is divided into estates: nobility, clergy,
Hercules at the Crossroads: Symbolism in Farnese Gallery
Barocci, *Virgin of the People*: Figure in the Background
Entering the lunette is the scene of Ulysses. In front, we have the brothers of Catania and Perseus and Medusa, a symbol of value. The story of these brothers is that during an eruption of Etna, lava invaded the city of Catania, then the two young men took their parents upon their shoulders.
Center of the Vault Box
It is a true picture. It differs from the rest because, instead of being a fresco painting, it is in oil. It’s a box set into the
Read MoreRomanesque vs. Gothic: Art, Architecture, and Sculpture
Romanesque and Gothic Art: A Detailed Comparison
Romanesque and Gothic Architecture
In Romanesque architecture, there are two types of floor plans: the basilica and the Latin cross, which represents Christ’s body. In Gothic architecture, only one type of floor plan persists: the Latin cross. The naves are odd in number, typically three to five. The central nave is wider than the aisles, and this remains the same in Gothic architecture. The transepts symbolize Christ’s arms and usually have one to
Read MoreRomanesque Art: Sculpture and Painting in Cathedrals
The Gateway of Glory in Santiago de Compostela
The Gateway of Glory is part of the narthex of the cathedral, whose scarce 5-meter width impedes a full frontal view. The venue is the top level of a crypt designed by Maestro Mateo to compensate for the unevenness of the land that lay between the nave of the church and the plaza outside. The Gateway is divided into three openings that match the naves of the church. It hosts more than 200 sculptures. The iconographic program has its nerve center in the
Read MoreUnlocking Creativity and Understanding Organizational Structures
Unlocking Creativity in Organizations
Companies often seek to increase creativity, which is associated with the brain’s right hemisphere. However, several factors can block creativity:
- Memory
- Personality
- Family environment
- Friends
Types of Friends Who Hinder Creativity
- The Wall: Unresponsive and unsupportive.
- The Fugitive: Disappears when problems arise.
- The Deaf: Only hears what they want to hear.
Techniques to Enhance Creativity
- Brainstorming:
- Involves generating a large number of ideas.
- Ideas are often anonymous.
Cinema History, Mass Communication Research, and the Frankfurt School
History of Cinema
In 1895, the Lumière brothers publicly introduced a device called a cinématographe. By projecting images on a screen, this invention allowed many people to witness the first movies at the same time. The films shown were: The Output of the Lumière Factory Workers and The Arrival of the Train. Those first films lasted less than a minute, had no sound, and depicted scenes of everyday life.
The person responsible for the survival of this invention was the Frenchman Georges Méliès,
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