19th Century Art: From Romanticism to Post-Impressionism

Romanticism and Realism

Throughout the 19th century, the art world experienced major shifts, transitioning from Romanticism to Realism, and culminating in Impressionism.

Romanticism emerged as a response to Neo-classicism, emphasizing feeling and intuition over reason. Painting became a primary vehicle for artistic expression. It’s considered the first avant-garde movement, breaking with classical tradition by addressing contemporary issues.

Key features include the dominance of bright colors over

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Quattrocento Architecture: Brunelleschi & Alberti’s Renaissance

Item 8: Architecture of the Quattrocento

Brunelleschi and Alberti

The Renaissance: Definition, Characteristics, and Chronology

The Renaissance, originating in Italy during the early modern age, aimed to revive Greco-Roman art and humanism, updating it while maintaining Christian traditions. Understanding Renaissance art requires considering cultural and scientific developments.

The origins of this new style include:

  1. The economic and social growth of Rome, Florence, and Venice. Economic power and leaders’
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Baroque and Dutch Masters: A Journey Through Art

Baroque Painting: General Characteristics

Baroque paintings, diverging from the geometric precision of the Renaissance, are characterized by dynamic radial compositions. Figures and objects appear to emanate from a central point, extending diagonally across multiple planes, creating a sense of movement and depth. Voluptuous figures, often exaggerated and expressive, are draped in rich fabrics, engaging in dramatic and sometimes improbable poses. Baroque art embraces naturalism, portraying even the

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Liberty Leading the People: A Romantic Revolution

Liberty Leading the People

1. General Documentation

Title: Liberty Leading the People
Artist: Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)
Date: 1830
Style: Romantic
Medium: Oil on canvas
Dimensions: 2.60 m x 3.25 m
Location: Louvre Museum, Paris
Theme: A blend of allegory and realism depicting the July Revolution of 1830 in Paris, which led to the overthrow of King Charles X.

2. Formal Analysis

Plastic Elements

The brushstrokes are loose and undulating. The red, white, and blue of the flag and the clothing of the wounded

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Exploring Creativity: Theories and Concepts

Theories of Creativity (10)

Each school of philosophy or psychological theory has addressed creativity:

Rationalists

  • Consider fantasy a hostile force.
  • Descartes: Rational thinking contrasts with imagination, which can be misleading and instill faith in impossibilities.
  • Ideal: Fantasy is a creative force.

Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud)

  • Focus: The unconscious explains creativity.
  • Freud believed a relationship exists between instinctual (primary) and conscious (secondary) processes. Creativity depends on both.
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Consumer Perception: Sensory Marketing, Attention, and Interpretation

Chapter 4: Perception

Consumers are constantly bombarded by colors, sounds, and odors from advertisements, product packaging, radio, and TV. Our decisions are influenced not only by external factors but also by our reactions to them. The three stages of stimuli are:

  1. Exposure/Sensation
  2. Attention
  3. Interpretation (meaning)

Sensation refers to the immediate response of sensory receptors (eyes, nose, ears, mouth, fingers).

Perception is the process by which these stimuli are selected, organized, and interpreted.

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