European Avant-Garde Movements: A Literary Revolution

The Vanguards

Between 1920 and 1930, a literary renewal emerged in Portugal, influenced by European movements. This avant-garde sought to break from realistic styles in art and literature.

The avant-garde encompasses various movements from 1909 to the start of World War II, driven by societal and cultural shifts. This era saw scientific and technical advancements, the rise of machinery, automobiles, airplanes, film, and studies on personality and the subconscious, influenced by Sigmund Freud.

Social

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Music’s Role in Cinema, Media, and Musical Theatre

Music and Cinema

Music surrounds us; we listen to it in the most varied forms and contexts. The soundtrack in films has a lot of influence on the image, and on how we perceive the imagery of a film. Sound is emotionally direct, so it is a powerful tool.

Functions of Music in Films

  • Illustrating movement
  • Creating plot relationships
  • Creating atmosphere
  • Portraying emotions
  • Social, cultural, and geographic references
  • Time and period references
  • Connecting scenes and montages
  • Altering the perception of time
  • Creating
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Novelistic Evolution: 1960s-70s Shift in Narrative Techniques

The Novel’s Transformation in the 1960s and 70s

The literary landscape of the 1960s and 70s saw a significant shift, marked by a criticism of the social realist novels of the 1950s. This period is characterized by a renewal of the novel, influenced by Hispanic-American novelists such as Vargas Llosa, Julia Cortez, and Gabriel García Márquez. The new novel became more complex, experimental, and aimed at a minority audience.

Key Features of the Experimental Novel

  • Multiple Points of View: A profound
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Analyzing Historical Sources: The Freedom Rides and Civil Rights

Analyzing Historical Sources: Comparing and Contrasting

A compare and contrast style answer makes a general statement about both sources, then makes explicit reference to each source as evidence.

Valid Contrast Example

The sources disagree about why Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK) did not personally join the Freedom Rides. The video source tells us that he feared the violence that might result. The text source tells us he feared being arrested.

Valid Comparison Example

The sources agree that MLK was asked

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Decoding the Symbolism in Van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait

The Arnolfini Portrait: A 15th-Century Masterpiece

Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, dated 1434, is a renowned oil painting that depicts the Italian merchant Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife in their Bruges home. This seemingly simple portrait is rich with symbolism, sparking much debate among art historians about its true meaning.

The Scene: Marriage or Exorcism?

The painting presents the couple standing in a well-appointed room, illuminated by a window on the left. Giovanni Arnolfini, dressed in

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Modern Time, Communication, and Globalization: Key Concepts

The Modern Concept of Time

The modern concept of time is that now is not conceived as a repetition but as a unique moment.

Different Strokes of Time

  • Perceptual Time: Resulting from the activity of consciousness. Each of us orders our own time according to internal or external circumstances.
  • Vital Time: Individual; the relationship is given by biological memory or instinct.
  • Social Time: Corresponds to the historical perspectivism of Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset when he says, “I and my circumstance.
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