Biotechnology: The Affordable Solution for Carbon Removal
The Cost-Effectiveness of Biotechnology
Biotechnology is generally a more affordable carbon removal method than Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS).
Biochar vs. Direct Air Capture (DAC)
For example, biochar, a carbon-rich substance derived from plant matter, costs only $80 to absorb one tonne of CO₂. Its low cost is attributed to low energy requirements and technological maturity.
In contrast, Direct Air Capture (DAC), a leading CCS method, costs up to $600 per tonne—making it 7.5 times more expensive.
Read MoreEssential Principles of Workshop Management, Supervision, and Inventory Control
Workshop Administration and Management Structure
Objectives of Workshop Administration
The primary objectives of effective workshop administration include:
- Ensuring efficient functioning of all workshop activities.
- Providing a safe and productive work environment.
- Optimizing the use of the 4 M’s: Manpower, Materials, Machines, and Money.
- Facilitating training, research, service, and production goals.
- Maintaining quality control and ensuring customer/patient satisfaction (especially relevant in rehabilitation
IT Professionalism: Ethics, Legal Compliance, and Green Computing
1. IT Professionals and Society
Significance of IT in Society
- IT is now fundamental to modern society, serving as infrastructure for the “e-generation.”
- It has profoundly changed people’s habits, influencing culture and lifestyle.
Organizational Structure of a Typical IT Department
- Application Development: Focuses on creating and maintaining software applications.
- Technical/Application Support: Provides technical assistance and resolves issues related to applications.
- IT Services Support: Manages and supports
Core Business Finance and Management Principles
Investment Appraisal Methods
Payback Period
The Payback Period is the time required for the cumulative cash inflows from an investment to equal the initial outlay. This method is particularly useful in unstable economies and high-risk sectors. Generally, investments with a shorter payback period are preferred.
Net Present Value (NPV)
NPV is the present value of all expected future cash flows from an investment, discounted at a specific interest rate, minus the initial investment cost. An investment
Read MoreEssential Concepts in Operations Research: Theory and Techniques
Characteristics and components of Game Theory
Game Theory : Mathematical framework for analyzing strategic decision-making situations where outcome depends on actions of multiple decision makers.
Characteristics:
1. Multiple Decision Makers:Called players, Each has conflicting interests, Rational decision makers
2. Strategies:Complete plan of action, Available alternatives for each player, Pure vs mixed strategies 3. Payoffs: Outcomes resulting from strategy combinations, Usually represented in payoff
Network Planning Methodologies and Requirements Analysis
Fundamentals of Network Planning and System Approaches
Why Network Planning is Crucial
A network is not just cables and routers; it is the foundation of business operations. Without proper planning, organizations risk downtime, bottlenecks, security gaps, and wasted money.
- Example: An airline reservation system that crashes during the holiday season can result in millions lost.
Planning ensures the network meets current needs (like today’s users and applications) while also being scalable for the
Read More