Business Innovation and Strategic Management Concepts
Value Analysis
Value Analysis can be defined as a process applied to existing product designs to compare the function of the product required by a customer to meet their requirements at the lowest cost, consistent with the specified performance and reliability needed. To better understand this technique, it is important to clarify the difference between two elements:
- Use Value: Concerns the use of the product.
- Esteem Value: The source of value comes from ownership.
In a general sense, the Esteem Value
Read MoreESG for Global Business: Benefits, Practices, and Key Concepts
ESG in International Companies: Benefits & Core Concepts
Benefits of ESG for International Companies
- Improved Reputation: Sustainable companies build trust, credibility, and a positive public image.
- Talent Attraction: It improves the work environment and attracts skilled, committed employees.
- Access to Financing: Investors and governments value ESG criteria when providing funding or subsidies.
Climate Change Mitigation Measures
By International Corporations
- Investment in Renewable Energy: Companies
Business Fundamentals: Definitions & Impact
Business Fundamentals: Entrepreneurship & Development
Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying an opportunity, developing a business idea to capitalize on it, and then organizing, managing, and assuming the risks associated with launching and running a new venture with the goal of generating profit and creating value. It often involves innovation, creativity, and a willingness to navigate uncertainty.
Key Aspects of Entrepreneurship
- Identifying Opportunities: Recognizing market gaps or needs.
Leadership’s Impact on Internal Communication & Engagement
Leadership: Cornerstone of Internal Communication
In modern organizations, leadership is the cornerstone of effective internal communication — especially in contexts of uncertainty or transformation. As discussed in Unit 7, leaders are not only responsible for delivering messages, but also for shaping meaning, promoting emotional engagement, and embodying organizational values. Their communication sets the tone for trust, motivation, and alignment, all of which are critical in today’s reputation-
Read MoreIndia’s Economic Development: Plans, NITI Aayog, and Agriculture
1st Five Year Plan (1951–1956)
Focus: Agriculture, irrigation, and price stability
Objective: Recover from partition and post-independence economic crisis
Result: Successful, with 3.6% growth (target was 2.1%)
2nd Five Year Plan (1956–1961)
Focus: Industrialization – heavy industries
Model: Mahalanobis model
Key Feature: Public sector-led growth
Result: Mixed, growth was 4.27%
3rd Five Year Plan (1961–1966)
Focus: Agriculture, industry, and education
Challenge: War with China (1962) and Pakistan (1965)
Read MoreTrade Dynamics: Features, Growth, and Spain’s Economic Landscape
Global Trade Dynamics: Features & Growth Drivers
Key Features of Modern Trade
- High concentration of demand in urban and industrial areas.
- Growing specialization of trade to meet this demand.
- Marked increase in total trade volume, encompassing all kinds of products, even those with very low prices or bundled. Trade has become a global activity.
- The economic importance of trade has spurred studies to understand demand trends and preferences, aiding in logistics for production planning, transport, storage,