International Business: Core Concepts and Global Strategies
UNIT-I
1. Types of International Business
International business refers to all commercial activities that take place between two or more countries. Different types of international business help firms expand their markets, increase profits, and gain access to global resources.
- Export and Import Trade: Goods and services are sold to or purchased from foreign countries. Exporting earns foreign exchange, while importing provides access to products not available domestically.
- Licensing: A company allows
Modern Financial Systems: Blockchain, Fintech, and Regulation
Functions of Payment Systems
Traditional systems, such as bank transfers or Western Union, perform two primary roles:
- Computerized network transfer: The technical infrastructure required to move money from sender to receiver.
- KYC Checks and Cash Delivery: Verifying “Know Your Customer” (KYC) compliance and managing physical cash logistics.
Note: While blockchain efficiently handles the first function, it does not automatically perform the second, which accounts for a significant portion of traditional
Read MoreInternational Marketing Principles and Strategy Essentials
1. Value Chain Definition
The set of activities performed by a firm to deliver value to the market.
2. Ansoff Matrix: Market Development
Selling current products into new markets.
3. Global Marketing Standards
Packaging and labelling requirements often differ from the home country.
4. Publicity Control
Publicity is usually not under the direct control of the company.
5. Standardization Strategies
Standardization strategies are often used with industrial products.
6. International Marketing Basis
International
Read MoreInternational Marketing Strategies and Pricing Models
International Marketing Q&A
- A value chain is: The set of activities that differentiates a company from its competition.
- According to the Ansoff Matrix, a market development strategy implies: Selling current products into new markets.
- In global marketing: Packaging and labeling will change if regulations and consumers’ perceptions differ from the home country.
- Usually not under the control of the company: Publicity.
- Standardization strategies are utilized more frequently with: Industrial (business-
Financial Management: Cost of Capital and Working Capital
The Cost of Capital is the minimum rate of return a business must earn on its investments to satisfy its investors (equity holders, debt holders, and preference shareholders) and maintain its market value. It represents the opportunity cost of risking capital in a business venture.
Here is a comprehensive breakdown of its determination, components, individual computations, and overall weighted averages.
Components and Determination of Cost of Capital
The cost of capital is determined by analyzing the
Read MoreMastering Sales Management: Strategies and Techniques
The Sales Formula
Sell = F(Value for customer / Price). The salesperson must increase the perceived value relative to the price.
5 Ethical Levels in Sales
To navigate ethical dilemmas, choose the “moment of truth” approach, balancing company, customer, and ethical responsibilities. Levels include: Cynicism, Relativism, Legalism, Due obedience, and the Moment of truth.
4 Types of Sales Objectives
The most important objective is Revenue. Revenue forecast = Historical sales ± market impact ± competitors