Understanding the Spanish Stock Market and Investments

The Continuous Market

The Continuous Market is the most important and representative of all Spanish stock markets. Established in 1989, this market deals exclusively in shares. Operators communicate through a computer network that connects all members of the Spanish stock exchanges. The computer system used today is the Spanish Stock Market Interconnection System (SIBE).

The Electronic Fixed Income Market

The Electronic Fixed Income Market operates similarly to the Continuous Market, using a computer

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Business Models, Plans, Strategies, and Key Tools

Business Models, Plans, and Strategies

A business model describes the logic of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value. It outlines how a company intends to make money, without excessive detail.

Types of Business Models

  • Free Model: Companies like Facebook and Twitter operate on a free model. Users don’t pay; they are the product. These models require a large critical mass and are typically profitable through advertising.
  • Freemium Model: Spotify and LinkedIn are examples of the
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Financial Concepts and Inventory in Business

Key Financial Concepts and Inventory Management

The reorder point is the inventory level that determines when to place an order.

Leverage

Leverage is defined as the company’s use of fixed operational and financial costs to increase profitability. It is a measure of risk:

  • Operational Leverage: Refers to the multiplier effect that fixed costs have on profits. It’s a measure of operational risk.
  • Combined Leverage: Occurs when a company employs both types of leverage to increase income for the owners.
  • Financial
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Understanding Business Assets and Accounting Information

The Accounting Treatment of Information

Accounting is the economic science that studies business assets, the rules, and the scientific basis upon which the registration of a company’s financial information is based. This is done both aesthetically and dynamically. The importance of accounting information lies in its ability to generate and supply data to various users, and in its quality as a reflection of the company’s situation. The aim is to provide financial information at different levels and

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Project Management: Phases, Selection, and PERT/CPM

Project Management

  • All projects are expected to achieve the following performance goals: to be completed within time/schedule, cost/budget, and quality guidelines. To accomplish this, projects must be authorized, their objectives and scope must be established, a project manager should be appointed, and the project must be planned.
  • Projects go through a series of stages or phases—a life cycle—which include project initiation (conception, feasibility study/selection), planning and scheduling, execution,
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Company Essentials: Objectives, Elements, and Growth Strategies

A company is a set of items organized and coordinated under direction, oriented towards a series of goals, while operating under conditions of risk.

Objectives

Overall Objective: Expresses the long-term goals the company wants to achieve. These goals drive business performance and must be realized.

Specific Goals: These are the targets the business aims to achieve over a given period. They change frequently but remain aligned with the company’s overall objective (basic social objectives and purposes)

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