Key Concepts in Science: Classification, Energy, and Matter
Why Do We Classify Organisms?
Living organisms are classified mainly to avoid confusion, to make the study of organisms easy, and to learn how various organisms are related to each other. Scientists classify living organisms into different kingdoms, phyla, classes, etc. based on different criteria.
When Is Work Considered Done?
Work is said to be done when a force applied to an object causes displacement in that object. This can be expressed as W = F x s.
How to Calculate the Molar Mass of Hydrochloric
Read MoreGas Chromatography vs Liquid Chromatography: Principles & Components
Gas Chromatography (GC) vs. Liquid Chromatography (LC)
The fundamental difference between GC and LC lies in the state of aggregation of the mobile phase. In LC, the mobile phase is a liquid, while in GC, it’s a gas. They also differ in viscosity and their ability to penetrate.
GC Components:
- Gas supply system (carrier gas)
- Nano-reducer
- System cell regulation and flow measurement
- Sample introduction system
- Thermostat system (oven)
- Column
- Detection system
- Microprocessor temperature programming
LC Components:
Read MoreMatter, Atomic Structure, and Chemical Bonds: Key Concepts
homogeneous matter fisiccos: No ls diferents parts are distinguished, their prodiedads-ended and are in all their punts = homogeneous mixture:
Subject homogeneous composition variable d Pure substance:
Subject homogeneous d fixed composition written:
Pure substance k se pode simple descomponr on OTRS + x metods kimics Item:
Pure substance q pode descomponr s not in OTRS + simpls Separation:
mixtures homogens: Distilling and crystallization heterogns: filtration decantationSolute:
A substance dissolves
Lead-Acid Batteries: Function, Verification, and Failures
If a container has two electrodes immersed in distilled water and a battery connected, you will observe that distilled water is not conductive. However, if we sprinkle salt and dissolve it, it becomes conductive.
By passing an electric current for a few minutes, we see that the water picks up a greenish color. This effect is called electrolysis, and the liquid is an electrolyte.
Accumulators are used to provide electricity to the motor. They consist of two plates or bars of lead (Pb) immersed in dilute
Read MoreAromatic Hydrocarbons, Alkyl Halides, and Alcohols: Properties and Nomenclature
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Aromatic hydrocarbons are benzene derivatives. Benzene is characterized by unusual stability, which is given by the particular arrangement of conjugated double bonds. They are named because of their strong, usually pleasant, odors. The generic name of the mono- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is “arene,” and radicals derived from them are called “aryl” radicals. All of them can be considered derivatives of benzene, which is a cyclic molecule, hexagonal-shaped, with a bond
Read MoreUnderstanding Salts, Carbohydrates, and Their Functions
Salts and Their Functions
SALTS: There are many varieties of salt ions such as ion. Essential: fluid balance and acid-base balance. Sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium (cations) and chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate, and sulfate are anions.
Dispersion is defined as the mechanical interposition of particles of a substance within another. Depending on the size, there are:
- Coarse dispersion (1000 Å): Visible under a microscope, does not pass through permeable or semi-permeable membranes (dialysis)