Core Concepts in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis

Posted by on Oct 12, 2025 in Chemistry | 0 comments

 Pharmaceutical chemistry is a Branch of chemistry which deals with the study of organic chemistry (Molecules & Compound) In combination with structural & chemical biology & pharmacology for producing pharmaceutical drugs & medicines. 

Scope of Pharmaceutical chemistry:


➢ Quality Assurance & Quality control (QA & QC):- Processes & standards that ensure quality of drug compounds. ➢ Drug Discovery: – Identifying compound, especially those that treat disease. ➢ Industry:

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Essential Chemistry Reactions and English Tense Rules

Posted by on Oct 8, 2025 in Chemistry | 0 comments

Chemistry Fundamentals

Acids and Bases Classification

Acids (Based on Basicity)

  • Monobasic: HCl, CH3COOH (Acetic Acid)
  • Dibasic: H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid)
  • Tribasic: H3PO4 (Phosphoric Acid)

Acids (Based on Strength)

  • Strong Acids: HCl, H2SO4, HNO3
  • Weak Acids: CH3COOH, H2CO3 (Carbonic Acid), HCOOH (Formic Acid)

Bases (Based on Acidity)

  • Monoacidic: NaOH, KOH, NH4OH (Ammonium Hydroxide)
  • Diacidic: Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Fe(OH)2
  • Triacidic: Fe(OH)3

Bases (Based on Strength)

  • Strong Bases: KOH, Ba(OH)2 (Barium Hydroxide)
  • Weak Bases:
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Periodic Table Groups and Chemical Bonding Fundamentals

Posted by on Oct 8, 2025 in Chemistry | 0 comments

Periodic Table Groups and Electron Configuration

Main Groups of the Periodic Table

The elements are categorized into groups based on their chemical properties:

  • Group 1: Alkali Metals (Tend to increase density and decrease the melting and boiling points down the group.)
  • Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
  • Group 13: Boron Group (Boroideos)
  • Group 14: Carbon Group (Carbonoideos)
  • Group 15: Nitrogen Group (Nitrogenoideos)
  • Group 16: Chalcogens
  • Group 17: Halogens (Density, boiling points, and melting points increase
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Technical Essentials: Water Types, Purification, and Energy Measurement

Posted by on Oct 4, 2025 in Chemistry | 0 comments

Common Types of Water

Water is categorized based on its source and treatment method:

  1. Tap Water: Typically treated for safety and potability by local municipalities.
  2. Mineral Water: Naturally sourced and contains minerals like calcium and magnesium.
  3. Spring Water: Comes from underground sources and may be untreated.
  4. Distilled Water: Purified through distillation, removing contaminants.
  5. Purified Water: Treated to remove impurities and often used in laboratories.
  6. Sparkling Water: Carbonated water with added
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Core Science Concepts: Physics, Biology, Chemistry Review

Posted by on Sep 27, 2025 in Chemistry | 0 comments

Physics Concepts and Kinematics

Fundamental Physics Concepts

  • Force: A push or pull that changes the motion of an object.
    • Unit: Newton (N).
    • Example: Pushing a shopping cart.
  • Velocity: Speed in a given direction.
    • Formula: v = d/t.
    • Example: 20 m/s east.
  • Speed vs. Velocity:
    • Speed: How fast (scalar quantity, no direction).
    • Velocity: Speed with direction (vector quantity).
    • Example: Speed = 60 km/h, Velocity = 60 km/h north.
  • Displacement: The straight-line distance and direction from start to finish.
    • Example: Walk
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Fundamental Scientific Techniques for Laboratory Success

Posted by on Sep 21, 2025 in Chemistry | 0 comments

Microscope Components and Functions

To effectively use a microscope, it’s essential to know its various parts and their roles:

  • Eyepiece Lens: The lens at the top that you look through. They are usually 10X or 15X power.
  • Tube: Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.
  • Arm: Supports the tube and connects it to the base.
  • Base: The bottom of the microscope, used for support.
  • Illuminator: A steady light source used in place of a mirror. If your microscope has a mirror, it reflects light from an external
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