Python Code Snippets for Data Science and AI
# **Program 1:
NumPy
Array Operations**
import numpy as np
arr=np.Array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]])
print(“Sum of all columns:”,np.
sum(arr,axis=0))
print(“Product of all rows:”,np.Prod(arr,axis=1))
print(“Last two rows and columns:\n”,arr[1:,1:])
arr2=np.Array([[9,8,7],[6,5,4],[3,2,1]])
print(“Element-wise addition:\n”,arr+arr2)
.
.
# **Program 2: Vowel Frequency in Each Word**
sentence=input(“Enter a sentence in lowercase: “)
vowels=’aeiou’
for w in sentence.Split():
print(f”{w}: {sum(w.Count(v) for v in
Java Implementation of DSS Signing and Cipher Cryptanalysis
Digital Signature Standard (DSS) Client Implementation
This Java class, DssClient, demonstrates the generation of a Digital Signature Standard (DSS) signature and subsequent transmission of the parameters to a verification server via a socket connection.
1.1. DssClient Class Structure and Signature Generation
The dssSign method calculates the signature components r and s, along with the public key y, based on input parameters (primes p, q, generator g, private key x, message hash H(m), and random nonce
Artificial Intelligence Search Algorithms and Agent Fundamentals
AI Agents and Architecture
Agents perceive their environment using sensors and act rationally upon that environment using effectors.
Agent Architecture
Agent → Actions (with effectors) → Environment → Percepts → Agent
Key Agent Features
- Situatness: The agent’s direct connection to its environment through percepts and effectors.
- Autonomy: The agent acts without intervention by humans or other agents. (Preprogramming does not count.)
- Adaptivity: The ability to react flexibly to changes in its environment.
Wireless Communication Protocols and Mobile Network Architecture
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) Fundamentals
WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) is a set of protocols designed for wireless devices (like mobile phones and PDAs) to access internet services. It uses a client-server model, with the mobile device acting as the client and a WAP gateway/web server as the server. WAP optimizes content for low bandwidth, small screens, and limited processing power.
WAP Protocol Stack Layers
The WAP model is structured into several distinct layers:
- Application Layer:
Digital Modulation Techniques in Python: Pulse Shaping and QPSK
import numpy as np
T = 1 #time period
Fs = 100 #sampling frequency
t = np.
arange(-3*T, 3*T, 1/Fs)
g = lambda t: np.Sinc(t) * np.Cos(np.Pi*0.5*t) / (1-(2*0.5*t)**2) #Defining a lambda function g(t) that represents a raised cosine filter with a roll-off factor of 0.5.
plt.
Figure(figsize=(8,3))
plt.Plot(t, g(t))
binary_sequence = np.Array(np.Random.Randint(2,size=50))
d = 2 * np.Array(binary_sequence) – 1 #making the binary sequence NRZ
def get_signal(d): #to get transmitted signal
t = np.Arange(-2*T,
Read MoreImplementing Core Machine Learning Algorithms in Python
1. Perceptron Algorithm Implementation
The Perceptron is a foundational linear classification algorithm. This implementation uses NumPy for efficient vector operations.
Perceptron Class Definition
import numpy as np, random
class Perceptron:
def __init__(self, eta=0.01, n_iter=50, random_state=1):
self.eta, self.n_iter, self.random_state = eta, n_iter, random_state
def fit(self, x, y):
rgen = np.random.RandomState(self.random_state)
self.w_ = rgen.normal(0, 0.01, 1