8086 Microprocessor: Instruction Formats and Assembler Directives

8086 Instruction Formats

A machine language instruction format has one or more fields associated with it.

  • The first field is called the operation code field or opcode field, which indicates the type of operation to be performed by the CPU.
  • The instruction format also contains other fields known as operand fields.
  • The CPU executes the instruction using the information which resides in these fields.
  • There are six general formats of instructions in the 8086 instruction set.
  • The length of an instruction may
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Information Systems: Concepts and Applications

Module 1: Information Systems in Business

  • Computer literacy is the skill in using productivity software, such as word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and presentation software, as well as having a basic knowledge of hardware and software, the Internet, and collaboration tools and technologies.

  • Information literacy is understanding the role of information in generating and using business intelligence.

  • Business intelligence (BI) provides historical, current, and predictive views

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Understanding Programs, Software, and Systems

A program is a set of instructions written in a programming language for a computer to perform a particular task. A program is called into action to create or design programs. Programmers are the people who carry out this action.

Programming Languages

Low-Level Language

Used to write programs or system software because they provide a more direct shape.

High-Level Language

Used to write application programs and special-purpose programs, written in a way more like the language we speak, but in English.

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Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design

1. Distributed Systems: Definition and Consequences

A. Define Distributed Systems. List and explain the significant consequences of Distributed Systems.

Ans. A distributed system is defined as a system in which hardware or software components located at networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions solely by passing messages. This definition encompasses a wide range of systems where networked computers can be deployed, regardless of their physical separation, which can range from being

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Session Layer Services: Data Exchange & More

Services Offered: Level Meeting & Data Interchange

The primary purpose of the meeting is to facilitate data exchange. A session, functioning as a transport connection, follows three phases: establishment, use, and release. Primitives provided to the presentation layer for these phases closely resemble those provided to the session layer for managing transport links. Often, the session layer invokes transport primitives to ensure proper execution.

However, there are key differences between session

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Understanding Computer Fundamentals and Concepts

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

Read-Only Memory (ROM) is a type of computer memory that cannot be overwritten. The information stored inside is read-only and permanent. This information consists of predefined processes and is part of the hardware. ROM is non-volatile, meaning the data is retained even when the power is turned off.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Random Access Memory (RAM) is a type of computer memory that can be overwritten. The information stored inside is loaded when there is a request for a

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