Child Development: A Guide to Infant & Early Childhood
HDF 211 Study Guide: Chapters 3 & 4
Chapter 3: Physical & Cognitive Development in Infancy
Physical Growth and Development
Patterns of Growth
Cephalocaudal Pattern: Growth occurs from top to bottom (head to toe).
Proximodistal Pattern: Growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
Shaken Baby Syndrome: Brain swelling and hemorrhaging caused by shaking a baby’s head. Perpetrators are often fathers, followed by childcare providers and the mother’s boyfriends.
Read MoreEarly Childhood Development: Physical, Cognitive, and Social-Emotional Growth
HDF 211 Study Guide Chapter 3
Physical Growth and Development in Infancy
Patterns of Growth
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
What is Shaken Baby Syndrome?
Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
Read MorePhysical, Cognitive, and Emotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
HDF 211 Study Guide: Chapter 3
Physical Growth and Development in Infancy
Patterns of Growth
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
What is Shaken Baby Syndrome?
Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
Read MorePhysical and Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
HDF 211 Study Guide: Chapter 3 – Physical Growth and Development in Infancy
Patterns of Growth
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
What is Shaken Baby Syndrome?
Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
Read MoreTextile Fibers: Properties, Finishes, and Classifications
Textile Fiber Finishes and Quality
Cotton Finishes
Mercerization
This treatment uses sodium hydroxide to enhance cotton’s absorbency, luster, and strength.
Cotton Quality
- High Quality: Combed (short fibers removed)
- Lower Quality: Not combed
Linen Finishes
Beetling
This process involves flattening yarns to create a smoother, tighter fabric with enhanced sheen.
Linen Quality
- High Quality: “Line” – Long, combed fibers
- Low Quality: “Tow” – Short flax fibers. Tow fibers require carding before dry spinning into yarns
Textile Fibers: Properties, Finishes, and Classifications
Cotton Finish
Mercerization
– Sodium hydroxide is used to increase cotton’s absorbency, luster, and strength.
Quality of COTTON
- High quality: Combed (removed short fibers)
- Lower quality: Not combed
Linen Finish
Beetling
Yarns are flattened (pounded) to create a fabric that looks more regular and tighter. Also increases sheen.
Linen Quality
- High Quality: “Line” – Long, combed
- Low Quality: “Tow” – Short flax fibers. Line fibers are ready for wet spinning into yarn. Tow fibers must be carded before dry spinning