Understanding the Spanish Electoral System: A Comprehensive Analysis
Spanish Electoral System
Concept and Election Procedures
The Spanish political electoral system is established by Article 1.1 of the Spanish Constitution (EC) as democratic. Article 23 further elaborates:
- Citizens have the right to participate in public affairs, directly or through representatives freely elected in periodic elections by universal suffrage.
- They also have the right to equal access to public functions and offices, with the requirements indicated by law.
Electoral System Defined
The electoral
Read MoreBelgium’s Federal Parliament, Regions, and Communities
Federal Parliament of Belgium
Composition
The Federal Parliament is composed of two chambers:
House of Representatives
The House of Representatives has 150 deputies directly elected by universal suffrage using a proportional electoral system. The right to vote is granted to those over 18 years of age, and the right to stand for election to those over 21 years of age. Political parties tend to form coalitions. The most important parties are:
- The Christian Social Party
- The Belgian Socialist Party
- The Party
Understanding Political Culture: Types and Criticisms
Understanding Political Culture
Parochial culture is characterized by members who barely recognize the presence of a specialized political authority and lack expectations for the overall system or any change it might generate. In this type of culture, affective feelings of rejection of any social or political organization that goes beyond the immediate family or closest relatives are prevalent. However, none of these cultures are displayed in real life in a pure form, but rather in a hybrid based
Read MoreCanary Islands: Barriers, Headquarters, and Symbols
Barrier Islands
- Regional Barrier: 3% of valid votes.
Barrier Island: it was 15% of the valid vote.
These two barriers were in the Primitive Statute. An island had to have 15% of each island or 3% of the regional vote, which the latter had already passed for the barrier islands, but all had to have 15% on each island.
In ’96, the 15% barrier rose to 30%, and the 3% increased to 6%.
The first barrier status of the Canary Islands was twofold:
- A regional 3% barrier: an atypical barrier because it is applied
Understanding Spanish Public Administration: Structure & Bodies
Spanish Public Administration: Structure and Key Bodies
Schema representing a global public administration: Public administration in Spain encompasses the general administration of the state (central, peripheral, foreign public bodies), institutional administration, autonomous administration, and local administration (province, municipality).
Organs of Government: Government vs. Cabinet
Government: The upper body consists of the President, Vice President, and Ministers. Government members are chosen
Read MoreParliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Systems
Until that point, the close connection between the executive and the legislature and the blurring of the separation of powers in the parliamentary system is manifest.
In the parliamentary system, the government and parliament work together. The former must have the support of the latter in making decisions, given its dependence on it. During this time, Congress will pay attention to (discussing and adopting) the government bills, along with proposals that emerge from their seats. Furthermore, as
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