Consumer Protection Law in Retail Management: A Guide to Sales Promotions

Consumer Protection Law in Retail Management

Sales Promotion Activities under Law 7/1996 (LOCM)

Title II (Articles 18-35) of the Retail Commerce Law 7/1996 (LOCM) addresses sales promotion activities. These activities offer consumers additional incentives like lower prices (rebates, sales, clearances) or added benefits (gifts or bonuses). They utilize persuasive communication to promote products and services and are characterized by their exceptional and temporary nature.

Article 18 specifically mentions

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Postwar Economic Frailty and the Crash of 1929: Causes, Consequences, and Responses

T9: Postwar Economic Frailty

9.1 Financial Difficulties and Precarious Monetary Stability

The international economy enjoyed a period of stability at the turn of the 20th century. However, the economic expansion of the 1920s was weak and slowed down abruptly with the crisis of the 1980s and later with the advent of World War II (which arose from the crisis of 1929).

During this period, the economy evolved in two stages:

I. Reconstruction

In Europe:

Europe was slow to recover its pre-1914 production levels,

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Channel Functions & Decisions in Marketing Logistics

Channel Functions

Channel functions encompass various activities, including gathering information, developing and disseminating persuasive communications, reaching agreements on price and conditions, securing funds to finance inventories and risk-taking, facilitating storage, offering buyers payment clearance, monitoring the transfer of ownership, managing physical possession, and promoting the forward flow of activity from the company to customers and the backward flow of customer activity to the

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Cross-Docking, Direct Shipping & Warehousing Strategies in Logistics

Chapter 7: Logistics Strategies

Question 1: Cross-Docking, Direct Shipping, and Warehousing

A cross-docking strategy suits suppliers of fast-moving, non-perishable goods (e.g., beer, rice, shampoo) with high sales volumes but low individual store demands. Cross-docking coordinates full truckload shipments. Perishable products with critical lead times (e.g., milk, yogurt) benefit from direct shipping.

Direct shipping is also efficient when stores require full truckloads, eliminating warehousing’s transportation

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Strategic Management: A Comprehensive Guide for Businesses

Strategic Management

Strategist & Entrepreneur

Strategy involves adapting resources and organizational skills to the changing environment, capitalizing on opportunities, and assessing risks in relation to objectives and goals.

Formulation

Strategic planning contributes to strategy formulation, distinct from the classical stages of the administrative process. The classical process serves as a starting point for defining strategic direction.

The strategic process has two phases:

  1. Intelligence Phase
  2. Design,
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Economic Transformations in the Periphery: Post-War & Soviet Experiences

Lesson 10: The Economics of the Periphery

10.1 The Disintegration of Central and Eastern Europe

This was a consequence of the war crisis. A nationalist strategy, focused on economic independence and strengthening national production, was generally adopted.

In the Industrial Sector

The “Import Substitution” policy aimed to bolster domestic industry, foregoing the comparative advantages of the international market. This involved creating industrial complexes focused on consumer goods production, partly

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