Understanding LCD Panels, TFT Viewers, and Trinitron Screens
LCD Panel Driver Functions
The functions associated with an LCD panel driver include:
- Generation of polarization
- Driving voltages
- Addressing of the array
TFT Viewer and MOS Transistors
In a TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) viewer, MOS transistors are placed behind the liquid crystal, associated with a capacitor, forming a new layer in a matrix.
Electromagnetic Deflection Principle
Electromagnetic deflection involves electrodes that move an electron beam to sweep across the screen. These devices are mounted on
Read MoreElectric Motor Types: DC, AC, and Stepper Explained
Understanding DC Electric Motors
The simplest Direct Current (DC) electric motors, often utilized in battery-operated toys, feature a stator consisting of a cylindrical permanent magnet. Inside this is the rotor, which is constituted by electromagnets (coils surrounding a magnetic core).
The positive and negative poles supply current to the coil through brushes (wipers) and a commutator located at one end of the rotor. These commutator segments are connected to the coil threads, thereby receiving
Read MoreUnderstanding Measurement: Magnitudes, Units, and Errors
Magnitudes and Metrology
5 Magnitudes: Length, mass, time, volume, luminous intensity.
Metrology: The science that studies everything concerning measurement.
- Dimensional: From the measurements.
- Ponderal: Attempts to measure weights.
- Study: Quantities, unit systems, measurement instruments, norms, standards, and instructions.
Systems of Units
International System, CGS system, metric system…
Measurement Instruments
Rule, calipers, angle gauge, scale, protractor, Palmer, stopwatch, and micrometer.
Metrotechnics
Establishes
Read MoreMilling Operations: Techniques, Tools, and CNC
Face Milling: This is a versatile operation. The cutter (face mill) is mounted on the spindle of the milling machine. The working angle of the cutter is usually perpendicular to the work surface but can be tilted to machine tapered and curved surfaces. High-speed face milling: Achieves speeds between 20,000 and 60,000 rpm. Examples of use include cutting large aluminum components for aircraft and producing dies for metal forming. The spindles have a precision rotating accuracy of 10 μm, ensuring
Read MoreCharacteristics of Vapor Discharge Lamps
Vapor Discharge Lamp Technologies
Low-Pressure Mercury Vapor Lamps (Fluorescent)
Low-pressure mercury vapor lamps, commonly known as fluorescent lamps, primarily emit ultraviolet (UV) radiation, predominantly at a wavelength of 253.7nm. To make this radiation useful for lighting, the inside walls of the tube are coated with fluorescent powders (phosphors) that convert UV radiation into visible light.
Two main types of phosphors are used:
- Powders producing a continuous spectrum.
- Tri-phosphor powders emitting
Operational Amplifier Circuits: Inverting, Non-Inverting & More
Operational Amplifier Circuits
Non-Inverting Amplifier
The fundamental non-inverting amplifier operational amplifier configuration is shown in the figure below:
Vin = Input voltage
Vout = Output voltage
Ve = Error voltage
Vf = Feedback voltage
A = Open loop gain amplifier (specified by the manufacturer)
B = Factor of negative feedback
The output voltage (Vout) can be expressed as the error voltage multiplied by the open loop gain (A):
Inverting Summing Amplifier
The following figure shows the basic inverting
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