Transducer Characteristics
Variable Resistor
Non-linear, not suitable for positional transducer
Resistance along the track is not a linear relationship, increasing with the square of the spindle’s rotation. (R α S2)
Linear Variable Resistor
Can be used to provide a variable voltage (wiper picking up variable voltage potentiometer)
Characteristics
- Voltage vs. Resistor Setting: Linear
- Resolution: Has been defined as the largest change in the input which does not cause a change in output.
Slider Carbon Potentiometer
Effect of Loading
Read MoreAdvanced Electronics: Concepts and Applications
Unused and Stuck States in Systems
Unused state: Not utilized in the main sequence.
Stuck state: Will not progress into the main sequence and prevents the system from reaching it.
Synchronous Counters
Advantages: Fewer errors occur due to the common clock at high-frequency counting.
- Avoid stuck states at power-up as it may not revert to the main sequence.
Advantages of synchronous counters over ripple counters: Ripple counters can only work in binary while synchronous counters work with other codes, e.
Read MoreThe Television Production Process: From Control Room to Post-Production
THE CONTROL ROOM
A room adjacent to the studio, separate from the institutions, coordinates all production activities. This is where the director, assistant director, producer, production assistants, and mixer are located. This room receives and processes all signals to form the program that will be taped or broadcast live. The television control room need not be adjacent to the set or have direct visual contact with it, but it should not be too far away to avoid excessively long cables. This room
Read MorePipelining and Cache Performance: Speedup Calculation and Optimization
Pipelining and Speedup Calculation
Given a non-pipelined architecture running at 2.5GHz that takes 5 cycles to finish an instruction. You want to make it pipelined with 5 stages. The increase in hardware forces you to run the machine at 2GHz.
The only stalls are caused by:
- Memory stalls: (30% of total instructions) a stall of 50 cycles happens in 2% of the memory instructions.
- Branch stalls: (20% of total instructions) a stall of 2 cycles happens in 20% of the branch instructions.
What is the speedup?
Read MoreA Guide to Understanding Grammaticalization and Language Change
Grammaticalization
Grammaticalization is the historical process whereby lexical items, over time, acquire a new status as grammatical or morphosyntactic forms. In this process, they come to code relations that either were not coded before or were coded differently.
Examples:
- Old English (OE) hād (‘state, quality’) → Present-Day English (PdE) -hood (derivational suffix)
- OE līc (‘body’) → PdE -ly (derivational suffix)
- Latin habēre → Spanish hás (‘to have’) → (tu comprar)-ás (‘you will buy’
Satellite TV Reception and Distribution Systems
Satellite TV Reception
Capabilities of Satellite TV
Satellite TV reception offers several advantages:
- Reception of numerous channels in various languages.
- Access to TV programs and channels in areas with challenging terrestrial signal reception.
- Catering to the demands of individuals residing abroad who speak specific languages.
Geostationary Orbit
Satellites are positioned in a geostationary equatorial orbit, where the Earth’s gravitational pull and centrifugal rotation are balanced. This orbit is located
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