Language Varieties and Linguistic Diversity
Text Types and Discourse Genres
Text Types:
- Narrative: Account; Narrator: Omniscient, objective.
- Descriptive: Scientific or literary description.
- Expository: Divulgative or specialized.
- Argumentative: Argument, thesis, topic, exposition, conclusion; persuasive argument.
Discourse Genres:
- Humanistic texts
- Newspaper articles
- Technical-scientific texts
- Legal texts
- Literary texts
Matching
- Transmitter / receiver: Universal (book) / collective (newspaper)
- Channel
- Textual Polyphony
- Language Functions:
- Appellative
- Expressive
- Metalinguistic
- Poetic
- Phatic
- Representative
- Register:
Skopos Theory in Translation: Key Concepts
Define Skopos: Skopos is the word used for the aim or purpose of a translation. This is the prime principle that determines a translation.
Skopos Theory vs. Traditional Conceptions
How does the Skopostheorie definition of translation, within the scope of action theory, depart from traditional conceptions of translation? What do we mean by action theory? The Skopostheorie’s definition of translation departs from traditional concepts of translation because those concepts always mention the source
Read MoreExpository Texts: Characteristics and Structure
Exposure is a type of speech by which an issuer seeks to explain a topic clearly and orderly, for example, a history book.
Pragmatic Aspects
The communicative function predominates, specifically the referential function, as the important thing is the issue. Objectivity is the most important characteristic. The intention of the sender is didactic, therefore, it must be clear and precise, using ideas and referencing reliable information sources.
Depending on the type of receiver, two types of texts are
Read MoreMastering Scientific and Persuasive Arguments: Structure, Types, and Style
Scientific Argumentation and Persuasive Texts
Scientific argumentation aims to demonstrate, defend, or refute a thesis or argument using solid reasoning. Argumentative text is often accompanied by an exhibition.
Structure of Argumentative Texts
The content is typically organized into three sections:
- Introduction: Briefly presents the thesis or main idea that the author intends to demonstrate, defend, or challenge.
- Development: Contains the core argumentation, providing reasons and evidence to support
Discourse Grammar: Shaping Meaning and Processability
The Grammar of Discourse
The fact that we have grammatical options helps us negotiate social relationships. We can choose certain grammatical structures over others to express our attitudes, to allocate power, and to establish and maintain our identities, among other things.
Understanding the choices people make helps us interpret their intentions. Several other areas of grammatical choice need consideration to fully explain appropriateness in usage. These areas are united by their involvement in
Read MoreCatalan Phonetics: Approximants, Simplification, and Sound Changes
Approximant Realization of Stops
When a stop consonant ([b], [d], and [g]) occurs in a syllable-initial position, it may not always maintain its full occlusive articulation. In certain phonetic contexts, a relaxation occurs, bringing the articulators closer together but not fully closing the airflow. This results in a sound that is longer and more approximant-like. The approximant equivalents of these stops are [β], [ð], and [ɣ], respectively.
While approximantization is a general phenomenon in
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