Essential Vocabulary for Spanish Learners
Spanish Vocabulary
Common Words and Phrases
Shopping & Commerce
- advertising campaign – campaña publicitaria
- afford – permitirse
- at a glance – a simple vista
- at the same time – a la vez
- be short of money – andar apurado
- billboard – valla publicitaria
- brand – marca
- good value – buen precio
- budget – presupuesto
- by mistake – por error
- chain store – tienda de una cadena
- count on – contar con
- credit card – tarjeta de crédito
- deliver – repartir
- high end – gama alta
- display – expositor
- homemade – casero
- entire – completo
- in
Examining Past Exam Answers: A Comprehensive Review
Examining Past Exam Answers
J2010
- When she watched pop and rock programmes on TV.
- When she was at school.
- When she is lying in bed at night.
- After finding a fabric she likes.
- No, but she uses her own ideas and style.
- Practically never: she doesn’t have time.
- People who have to be careful of what they spend.
- She sometimes uses cheaper fabrics.
- People, surprisingly, like to help each other.
- She is very positive about her experience.
J2009
- Kate Bush and Brooke Shields
- She educates herself every day but will go
English Verb Tenses, Conditionals, Passive Voice, and More
English Verb Tenses Summary
Present Simple: Subject + verb (3rd person singular +s).
Present Continuous: am/is/are + verb-ing.
Past Simple: Verb + -ed (or irregular verb, 2nd column), didn’t (for negatives). Used with time expressions like *when*.
Past Continuous: was/were + verb-ing. Often used with *while*.
Present Perfect: have/has + verb + -ed (or irregular verb, 3rd column).
Past Perfect: had + verb + -ed (or irregular verb, 3rd column).
Past Perfect Continuous: had + been + verb-ing.
Future
English Tenses: Future, Present, and Past Explained
Understanding English Verb Tenses
Future Tense
Will: Decisions made at the time of speaking.
General Affirmative Predictions: I / He / She / It / We… will learn (I / He / She / … + will + infinitive)
Negative: I / He / She / It / We… won’t learn
Interrogative: Will I / He / She / It / We… learn?
Going to: Future intentions or plans when decisions are already made. There is evidence that you can see now.
I’m going to swim, He / She… is going to swim.
Negative: I am not going to swim, He isn’t going.
Read MoreEveryday Life Insights: Residence, Education, and Technology
Living Preferences and University Residences
1) I don’t want to live in a flat. 2) I prefer a university residence. 3) I don’t have to clean or cook; everything is done there. 4) What about finding 5) I can’t believe my ears; last week you said you hated her. 6) Why don’t you stay in the university residence?
Leisure Activities and Choices
1) We could watch a movie on TV. 2) What movie? 3) I don’t want to see that one. 4) Why don’t we go to that new discotheque? 5) How about bowling? 6)
Read MoreVocabulary and Grammar: Music, Finance, Relationships
Music Vocabulary
Movie (Pelicula) terms: one-hit wonder, manager, single, up-tempo song, opening act, label, snappy song, plug a song, encore, state fairs, shoot up the charts, mockumentary, low-budget, penny whistle, buskers, scheme, spotted, engaged, word-of-mouth, owing to, outrageous, uplifting, pitch, tune, bootleg, lyrics, filesharing.
Unit 1: Music and General Vocabulary
- Play something by ear
- It’s music to my ears
- It rings a bell
- You have to face the music
- You sound like a broken record
- I must blow