Watersheds of Spain: Atlantic, Cantabrian, and Mediterranean

Items 3 – 4

Atlantic Watershed

Cantabrian Watershed

1. Publication.

  • Title: The Lord of the Zero
  • Author: Mª Isabel Molina
  • Publisher: Alfaguara

Main Theme

The main issue is discrimination against people because of their religion.

This book tells the story of Joseph, a boy who lived in the Moorish Caliphate of Córdoba and was studying at a Muslim school. His classmates called him Sidi Sifre because he had an amazing ability for mathematical calculation. Due to this gift, he aroused the envy of one of his

Read More

Mastering English Future Tenses: Rules and Examples

Future ‘Will’ (Will + Infinitive)

You use this future tense:

  • To make predictions or state expectations for the future. These can be introduced by verbs like: believe, expect, hope, and think. Or adverbs like definitely, certainly, probably (after will before won’t).

Examples:

  • I think the exam will be too difficult for me.
  • Manchester will probably win the championship.
  • I expect she’ll arrive soon.
  • He definitely won’t pass his exam; he’s too lazy.
  • To give information about the future and talk about
Read More

Present Continuous, There is/are, Countables, Past Simple

Unit 4: Present Continuous

Affirmative

  • I am playing
  • You are playing
  • He is playing
  • She is playing
  • It is playing
  • We are playing
  • You are playing
  • They are playing

This tense uses the auxiliary verb “to be” and the -ing form of the main verb.

Negative

  • I am not playing
  • You are not playing
  • He is not playing
  • She is not playing
  • It is not playing
  • We are not playing
  • You are not playing
  • They are not playing

The negative form adds “not” after the auxiliary verb “to be”.

Interrogative

  • Am I playing?
  • Are you playing?
  • Is he playing?
  • Is
Read More

Mastering Relative Clauses and Reported Speech

Defining Relative Clauses

Defining Relative Clauses

The teacher is the person who decides the final mark (defining)

Non-Defining Relative Clauses

The teacher, who gave me a zero in the exam, is always grumpy.

Formal Structures

The preposition goes before the relative pronoun.

Ex: This is the school in which I study.

Ex: The teacher to whom I talked yesterday is the best ever.

Informal Structures

The preposition goes after the relative pronoun (normally at the end) + (the relative pronoun can be omitted).

Ex:

Read More

The Black Cat: Setting, Characters, and Themes

Setting

Place: The story opens in the cell of a prisoner the day before he is to be executed by hanging. After introducing himself to readers as a man who underwent a horrifying experience, the prisoner writes down the details of this experience, which led to his imprisonment and scheduled execution. The events in his tale are set at his home and in a tavern.

Time: Although these events take place over several years, the recounting of them in writing takes place on a single day in the narrator’s prison

Read More

Adjectives, Modals, Phrasal Verbs, and Compound Adjectives

Adjectives Ending in -ed and -ing

Adjectives ending in -ed generally describe emotions—they tell us how people feel. Adjectives ending in -ing generally describe the thing that causes the emotion.

  • Amazed (surprised) / Amazing (causing surprise)
  • Annoyed (upset) / Annoying (causing annoyance)
  • Bored (feeling weary and restless) / Boring (causing boredom)
  • Exhausted (very tired) / Exhausting (causing tiredness)
  • Frightened (afraid or anxious) / Frightening (causing fear)
  • Frustrated (feeling annoyed and discouraged)
Read More