The New Imperialism: Latin America, Africa, and Asia in the 19th Century

ITEM 7: The New Imperial Expansion

7.1. Latin America: Independence and Foreign Capital

Latin American nations began their independence movements in the first quarter of the nineteenth century, with the exception of Cuba and Puerto Rico, which achieved independence towards the end of the century. The creation of these new nations was marked by uncertainty.

Economic Model: Latin America was characterized by political independence but economic dependence. This dependence stemmed from exports and led

Read More

Analysis of Spain’s Tertiary Sector: Transport, Tourism, and Trade

The Space Services Unit

The service sector’s growth in Spain is due to several factors: increased household debt and purchasing power, the growth of the service industry itself, increased tourism, and growth in public services. The service sector is heterogeneous, encompassing both public services (managed by public institutions) and private services (managed by private companies or individuals). Imbalances exist across autonomous communities in terms of population, urbanization, income levels,

Read More

Analysis of Spain’s Agricultural and Fishing Industries

Physical Factors Affecting Spanish Agriculture

Weather

Weather conditions significantly influence agricultural practices in Spain. Inland regions experience dryness, necessitating costly irrigation systems for agriculture. Conversely, excessive rainfall and limited sunshine in northern Spain create an environment more suitable for livestock than for crop cultivation.

Altitude

Due to the climatic effects associated with high altitudes, only a small portion of land above sea level possesses optimal conditions

Read More

Spanish Population: Structure and Composition

STRUCTURE OR COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION



-Population: by sex and age composition

The age composition is of great interest because of their demographic impact, social, economic, … From the age of the population depends on fertility, educational and healthcare facilities, anticipated future ….

Spain has a tendency to aging (over 17% of adults) and reduction of young people. The regions with younger people don Andalucía, Murcia and the Canary Islands, the most aged Aragón, Castilla-León and

Read More

Spain’s Water Management and Environmental Policies: Challenges and Solutions

Water Management in Spain: Challenges and Solutions

Irregular Distribution and Infrastructure

Spain faces challenges in water management due to irregular demand distribution, with higher demand in some areas like the Ebro Hydrographic Basin. Dam failures, inadequate water conveyance systems, and leaks further exacerbate the issue. Hydraulic infrastructures, including dams, canals, and diversions, regulate water resources and improve water quality. Other resources include Pyrenean lakes, aquifers,

Read More

Colonial Imperialism and Socialist Ideologies in the 19th Century

Ideologies

Utopian Socialism

From 1820, theories emerged proposing alternatives to capitalist society. These early theories, termed “utopian socialism,” envisioned wealth distribution and egalitarian societies without specifying how to achieve them.

Marxist Socialism

Karl Marx rejected utopian doctrines from 1840, considering them unattainable. Marxist socialism offered a “scientific” analysis of the capitalist economy, emphasizing:

  • The Class Struggle: A confrontation between the oppressor (bourgeoisie)
Read More