Colonial Era Economy: Production, Labor, and Trade

The Economic Organization During the Colonial Era

The economy initially consisted of subsistence products. It took time to develop a structure necessary to diversify production. The countryside, with its agricultural and mining base, formed the foundation of the colonial economy.

The Production Process

The production process was slow and diversified. Early economic activities included the harvest of pearls, long stored in the sea. This harvest led to the emergence of cities as centers for gathering

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Revolution & Industrialization: Key Events & Analysis

Key Events & Analysis: Revolution and Industrialization

Exercise 1: Timeline of Events

  • CONST.AÑO3-1791
  • BRIT IN DERR.EJE YORK-1781
  • LUIS16 EXEC-1793
  • DICTA ROBESPIER-1794
  • PRIM CONGR Filadelf-1774
  • ASAM legislate-1791
  • Stamp Act 1765
  • Reacções TERMIDOR-1799
  • START WAR INDEP-1775
  • FRANC AND ESP INDEP N. America Go to War-1799

Exercise 2: Matching Exercise

1-G ,2-E ,3-H, 4 -, 5 -, 6 – ,7-A ,8-J, 9 -, 10 -I

Exercise 3: Agricultural and Factory System Changes

Agricultural Change

Substitution of open fields by operating

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Brazil and India: A Comparative Analysis of Key Features

Brazil and India: A Comparative Analysis

Urbanization in Brazil and India

(1) The rate of urbanization is higher in Brazil than in India.

(ii) The growth of urbanization in India has been slow. E.g., from 18% in 1961 to 31.2% in 2011.

(iii) The growth of urbanization in Brazil has been rapid. E.g., from 47.1% in 1960 to 84.6% in 2010.

(iv) Urbanization is more prevalent in the southern part of India than in the northern part. Urbanization in Brazil is more concentrated in the coastal states of the

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Agricultural Land Use: Plots, Crops, Livestock & Forestry

The Elements of Agricultural Landscapes

Plots

Organic agrarian space plots are grouped in plots (explotaciones agrarias). The most basic divisions are agricultural areas that are under one limit. They can be of various types, according to their size (large, medium, small), according to their shape (irregular, typical of a spontaneous occupation of space, or regular, typical of organized occupations), and according to their limits (open, without physical boundaries, or closed, surrounded by hedges,

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Key Transportation & Tourism Terms: A Comprehensive Glossary

Key Transportation & Tourism Terms

ADIF: Railway infrastructure manager responsible for maintenance, operation, and construction of new lines.

Popular Stores: Small stores offering cheap, everyday products.

Tourist Areas: Areas with a high density of tourists, both foreign and domestic.

Highway: A path consisting of separate lanes for each direction of movement, free of intersections.

Information Highway: Electronic connectivity networks circulating texts, images, and sounds instantly from any point.

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The First Economic Globalization: 1850-1914 – Industrial Revolution Impact

The First Economic Globalization (1850-1914)

Introduction

From 1820 to 1914, strong economic and population growth occurred due to global industrialization, the Second Industrial Revolution, and the first wave of globalization. Early industrializers like Northwestern Europe and the US began around 1830, while later joiners like the rest of Europe and Japan followed after 1870.

Globalization integrated markets worldwide, increasing trade, migrations, and capital flows, which led to price and cost convergence.

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